{"id":87442,"date":"2017-06-25T06:30:32","date_gmt":"2017-06-24T22:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=87442"},"modified":"2017-06-24T21:58:48","modified_gmt":"2017-06-24T13:58:48","slug":"benny-d-freeman%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e6%9c%80%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%9a%e8%86%9c%e6%b8%97%e9%80%8f%e6%80%a7%e5%92%8c%e9%80%89%e6%8b%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=87442","title":{"rendered":"Science\u6700\u65b0\u7efc\u8ff0: \u5b9e\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u2014\u2014\u819c\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u3010\u5f15\u8a00\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u51c0\u6c34\u5230\u77f3\u6cb9\u70bc\u5236\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\u518d\u5230\u78b3\u6355\u83b7\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u9ad8\u6548\u8282\u80fd\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b0\u578b\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u79bb\u819c\u7684\u5927\u529b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5408\u6210\u819c\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u5316\uff1a\u9ad8\u6e17\u900f\u819c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u819c\u53c8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u819c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7279\u5f81\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u7834\u6e17\u900f\u6027-\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u96be\u4ee5\u6743\u8861\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea<strong>\u5fb7\u514b\u8428\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u5965\u65af\u6c40\u5206\u6821<\/strong>\u7684<strong>Benny D. Freeman\u6559\u6388\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09<\/strong>\u7b49\u4eba\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u6e17\u900f\u7387-\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u6743\u8861\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u819c\u6750\u6599\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u514b\u670d\u6743\u8861\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5e76\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u9664\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4ee5\u5916\u5176\u4ed6\u63a7\u5236\u819c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u9898\u4e3a\u201c<strong>Maximizing the right stuff: The trade-off between membrane permeability and selectivity<\/strong>\u201d\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u4e86<strong>Science<\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87593\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/000-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/000-1.png 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/000-1-300x256.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u7efc\u8ff0\u603b\u89c8\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>1 \u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u819c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7a7a\u6c14\u8131\u6c34; O<sub>2<\/sub>\/N<sub>2<\/sub>\u5206\u79bb;\u6c22\u6c14\u51c0\u5316;\u4ece\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u4e2d\u9664\u53bb CO<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0cH<sub>2<\/sub>S\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u70c3\uff09\uff0c\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\uff08\u5982\u8131\u76d0\uff0c\u8d85\u7eaf\u751f\u7269\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u65e0\u83cc\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6d53\u7f29\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u6db2\u4ea4\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u5e94\u7528\uff08\u5982\u900f\u6790\uff0c\u8840\u6c27\u9971\u548c\u53ca\u836f\u7269\u8f93\u9001\uff09\uff0c\u98df\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5564\u9152\u548c\u8461\u8404\u9152\u5bf9\u4e73\u6e05\uff0c\u679c\u6c41\u548c\u7cd6\u7684\u53bb\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\uff09\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u751f\u4ea7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6c2f\u78b1\u5de5\u827a\u751f\u4ea7\u6c2f\u548c\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94a0\uff09\uff0c\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u6f5c\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5305\u62ec\u80fd\u6e90\u53d1\u7535\uff0c\u50a8\u80fd\uff1b\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8868\u9762\u6c34\u5bcc\u8425\u517b\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u7528\u5982\u78b3\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u53bb\u9664\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u548c\u78f7\u9178\u76d0\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u6eb6\u5242\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u51c0\u5316\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u56de\u6536\uff0c\u819c\u7ed3\u6676\uff0c\u84b8\u998f\u548c\u4e73\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6027\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9762\u79ef\u5c0f\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u819c\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u5de5\u827a\u66f4\u53d7\u9752\u7750\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5408\u6210\u819c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u9650\u5236\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u8bf8\u5982\u7ed3\u57a2\u3001\u964d\u89e3\u548c\u6750\u6599\u7834\u574f\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>2\u00a0\u6e17\u900f\u6027-\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6743\u8861\u7684\u8d77\u6e90<\/h3>\n<p>20\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u671f\u7528\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5bf9\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u5206\u79bb\u6027\u80fd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5404\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u6c14\u4f53\u6e17\u900f\u7387P<sub>i<\/sub>\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u03b1<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub> = P<sub>i<\/sub>\/P<sub>j<\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\uff0c\u5176\u4e2di\u8868\u793a\u6e17\u900f\u6c14\u4f53 i\uff0cj\u6c14\u4f53\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7a7a\u6c14\u5206\u79bb\u4e2di = O<sub>2<\/sub>\u548cj = N<sub>2<\/sub>\uff09\u00a0\u6bd4\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6c47\u603b\u4e86\u516d\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u6c14\u4f53\uff08He\uff0cH<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0cO<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0cN<sub>2<\/sub>\uff0cCO<sub>2<\/sub>\u548cCH<sub>4<\/sub>\uff09\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6216\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u66f4\u5f3a\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002 \u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u65b0\u578b\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u819c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87458\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/01-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"583\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/01-4.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/01-4-300x292.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u56fe1\u00a0\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u6e17\u900f\u7387\/\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6743\u8861\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u659c\u7387\u03bb<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u76f4\u5f84\u6bd4\u03bb<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub> =\uff08d<sub>j<\/sub> \/ d<sub>i<\/sub>\uff09<sup>2<\/sup> -1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dd<sub>j<\/sub>\u548cd<sub>i<\/sub>\u5206\u522b\u662f\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u76f4\u5f84 \u7684\u5927\u6c14\u4f53\u548c\u8f83\u5c0f\u6c14\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u6c14\u4f53\u5bf9\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u524d\u56e0\u5b50\u03b2<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff0c\u03bb<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u94fe\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u94fe\u521a\u5ea6\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53ef\u8c03\u5e38\u6570f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">1991\u5e74\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u7ed3\u679c\u57282008\u5e74\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u6e17\u900f\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u805a\u5408\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u57281991\u5e74\u81f32008\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5236\u5907\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9650\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u5728\u4e0a\u9650\u4e2d\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u53ea\u6709\u9002\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9650\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u9650\u7684\u659c\u7387\u03bb<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0a\u9650\u4f4d\u7f6e\u03b2<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u79fb\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03b2<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u503c\u7684\u6700\u663e\u8457\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u4ee5He\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u5bf9\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662fHe\/H<sub>2<\/sub>\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u73bb\u7483\u72b6\u5168\u6c1f\u5316\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5168\u6c1f\u805a\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82b3\u65cf\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u70c3\u7c7b\u805a\u5408\u7269\u663e\u793a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u539f\u56e0\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u6839\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c14\u4f53\u5bf9\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u5b58\u5728\u5168\u6c1f\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6c14\u4f53\u5bf9\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u03b2<sub>i\uff0cj<\/sub>\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5176\u4e2dPIM\uff08\u5185\u5728\u5fae\u5b54\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u805a\u82ef\u5e76\u4e8c\u6076\u70f7\uff09\u548cTR\uff08\u70ed\u91cd\u6392\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u805a\u82ef\u5e76\u6076\u5511\uff09\u5177\u6709\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eCO<sub>2<\/sub>\/CH<sub>4<\/sub>\uff0c\u51e0\u79cdTR\u805a\u5408\u7269\u663e\u8457\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027\/\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\uff08i\uff09\u9ad8\u6c14\u4f53\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff0c\u9ad8\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u73bb\u7483\u72b6\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5982PIM\u548cTR\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u7279\u6027; \uff08ii\uff09\u9ad8\u6c14\u4f53\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9ad8\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u7ed3\u679c; \uff08iii\uff09\u5f02\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6269\u6563\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5206\u79bb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87466\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/02-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"1007\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/02-5.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/02-5-179x300.jpg 179w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u56fe2\u00a0\u6d1e\uff08\u6216\u5b54\uff09\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u6f14\u53d8<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">3\u00a0\u6539\u5584\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bf8\u5982\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u548c\u6c34\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u819c\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027 &#8211; \u6e17\u900f\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\uff08i\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u5165\u819c\u4e2d\uff08ii\uff09\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff08iii\uff09\u6a21\u62df\u6216\u53d7\u751f\u7269\u819c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6216\u591a\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u542f\u53d1\u7684\u5408\u6210\u819c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6c34\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d\u540c\u5316\u5230\u56ca\u6ce1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u5f97\u56ca\u6ce1\u6574\u5408\u5230\u819c\u4e2d\u3002\u5c06\u6c34\u901a\u9053\u86cb\u767d\u7ed3\u5408\u5230\u819c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\u8be5\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u819c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65e0\u7f3a\u9677\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u6301\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u70ed\u91cd\u6392\uff09\u4f7f\u5bbd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u5143\u7d20\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u53d8\u7a84\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027-\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u819c\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u5bbd\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4f53\u79ef\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u6765\u5236\u5907\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u9664\u75c5\u6bd2\u9897\u7c92\u548c\u9ad8\u6c34\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u301c15-nm\u76f4\u5f84\u7684\u5f02\u620a\u70ef\u819c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u6eb6\u5242\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684\u76f8\u8f6c\u5316\uff08NIPS\uff09\u5236\u5907\u5f02\u8d28UF\u819c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u8bb8\u591a\u5f53\u524d\u819c\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5bfc\u81f43200L m<sup>-2<\/sup>h<sup>-1<\/sup>bar<sup>-1<\/sup>\u7684\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u6bd4\u76f8\u540c\u5e73\u5747\u5b54\u5f84\u7684\u5e38\u89c4NIPS\u819c\u9ad8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4ece\u7403\u86cb\u767d-\u03b3\uff08MW = 150kDa\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84\u301c14nm\uff09\u5206\u79bb\u725b\u8840\u6e05\u767d\u86cb\u767d\uff08MW = 67kDa\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84\u301c6.8nm\uff09\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5c3a\u5bf8\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4UF\u819c\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\uff08kDa\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84\u301c6.8nm\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b49\u5b54\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4UF\u819c\u800c\u8a00\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5b54\u5f84\u4e0b\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f2f\u66f2\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5728UF\u819c\u5236\u5907\u5b54\u5f84\u8303\u56f4\u4e3a3\u81f320nm\u7684\u7b49\u5b54\u819c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5b54\u5f84\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3\u7ea61.5nm\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6c34\u901a\u91cf\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7eb3\u6ee4\uff08NF\uff09\u819c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6f5c\u5728\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u7684\u819c\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ece\u7eba\u7ec7\u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u819c\u5206\u79bb\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u819c\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5f62\u6210\u673a\u5236\u4ecd\u5728\u4e89\u8bba\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u5907\u539f\u59cb\u5f02\u620a\u70ef\u819c\u7684\u5171\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u819c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u620a\u70ef\u819c\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u8fd9\u79cd\u5d4c\u6bb5\u5171\u805a\u7269\u5236\u6210\uff0c\u5219\u6210\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f4e\u4f53\u79ef\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u996e\u7528\u6216\u5e9f\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87523\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"586\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/03.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/03-300x293.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u56fe3\u00a0\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6df7\u5408\u57fa\u8d28\u819c\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u586b\u6599\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u586b\u6599\u7c92\u5f84\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5747\u5300\u7684\u586b\u6599\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>4\u00a0\u5408\u6210\u548c\u751f\u7269\u819c\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u7279\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5408\u6210\u819c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u819c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u5373\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\uff09\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u6bd4\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u9ad8\u51fa\u6570\u5343\u500d\uff0c\u4f46\u6e17\u900f\u901f\u7387\uff08\u301c10<sup>8<\/sup>\u79bb\u5b50\/ s\uff09\u63a5\u8fd1\u6269\u6563\u6781\u9650\u3002\u805a\u5408\u7269\u819c\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5316\u5408\u4ef7\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79bb\u5b50\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u6162\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMcGrath\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4e8c\u78fa\u5316\u805a\uff08\u4e9a\u82b3\u57fa\u919a\u781c\uff09\u819c\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u62a5\u9053\u4e86NaCl\u548cKCl\u6e17\u900f\u7cfb\u6570\u5206\u522b\u4e3a3.8\u00d710<sup>-8<\/sup> cm<sup>2<\/sup>s<sup>-1<\/sup>\u548c4.4\u00d710<sup>-8<\/sup> cm<sup>2<\/sup>s<sup>-1<\/sup>\u3002KCl\u6e17\u900f\u6bd4NaCl\u6e17\u900f\u901f\u7387\u8981\u9ad8\u51fa\u7ea61.2\u500d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u94be\u79bb\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cK<sup>+<\/sup>\u6bd4Na<sup>+<\/sup>\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u9ad8\u51fa\u6570\u5343\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u4e2dK<sup>+<\/sup>\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe108\u6b21\/ s\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6ee4\u5149\u7247\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\u7ea6\u4e3a0.3nm\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u79bb\u5b50\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u4e3a0.071nm<sup>2<\/sup>\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7684K<sup>+<\/sup>\u901a\u91cf\u4e3a0.235mol \/\uff08cm<sup>2<\/sup>s<sup>-1<\/sup>\uff09\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5916K<sup>+<\/sup>\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a4mM\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5185K<sup>+<\/sup>\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a155mM\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6ee4\u5149\u7247\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a1.2nm\u3002\u00a0\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u901a\u9053\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u56fe\u50cf\u7684K<sup>+<\/sup>\u900f\u8fc7\u7387\u6bd4McGrath\u7b49\u4eba\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u5feb1.9\u00d710<sup> -4<\/sup> cm<sup>2<\/sup>s<sup>-1<\/sup>\u500d\uff0c\u5feb\u4e864\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">5 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href=\"http:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/356\/6343\/eaab0530\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Maximizing the right stuff: The trade-off between membrane permeability and selectivity<\/a>\uff08Science,2017,DOI:10.1126\/science.aab0530\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b66\u672f\u7ec4\u6bb5\u9e4f\u8d85\u4f9b\u7a3f\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u725b\u7f16\u8f91\u6574\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7f51\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u79d1\u6280\u53ca\u884c\u4e1a\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6c47\u96c6\u4e86\u5404\u5927\u9ad8\u6821\u7855\u535a\u751f\u3001\u4e00\u7ebf\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u4e1a\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u79d1\u6280\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u89e3\u8bfb\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u662f\u8bc4\u8ff0\u884c\u4e1a\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c<a href=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/25127.html\" target=\"_blank\" 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