{"id":85322,"date":"2017-06-07T06:30:53","date_gmt":"2017-06-06T22:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=85322"},"modified":"2017-06-06T00:37:33","modified_gmt":"2017-06-05T16:37:33","slug":"nat-nanotech-%ef%bc%9a%e5%bd%a2%e7%8a%b6%e8%ae%b0%e5%bf%86%e5%90%88%e9%87%91%e7%9a%84%e8%b6%85%e5%bc%b9%e6%80%a7%e5%9c%a8%e7%ba%b3%e7%b1%b3%e5%b0%ba%e5%ba%a6%e7%9a%84%e5%b0%ba%e5%af%b8%e6%95%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=85322","title":{"rendered":"Nat. Nanotech.\uff1a\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u5f15\u8a00\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\u5177\u6709\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6548\u5e94\u548c\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5fae\u7535\u5b50\u673a\u68b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u548c\u67d4\u6027\u7535\u5b50\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u8bf1\u4eba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u524d\u666f\u3002\u5fae\u7c73\u53ca\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u505a\u529f\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u529b\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u662f\u5426\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6676\u4f53\u5851\u6027\u53d8\u5f62\u7684\u5c48\u670d\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6210\u679c\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong>\u3011<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5df4\u65af\u514b\u5927\u5b66<\/strong>Jose M. San Juan<\/strong>\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09<\/strong>\u5728Nat. Nanotech.<\/strong>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u9898\u4e3a\u201cSize effect and scaling power-law for superelasticity in shape-memory alloys at the nanoscale<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u5bf9Cu-14Al-4Ni (wt%)\u5408\u91d1\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8be5\u6210\u5206\u5408\u91d1\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7126\u79bb\u5b50\u675f\uff08FIB\uff09\u6280\u672f\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684 [001]\u5fae\u7c73\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u5fae\u67f1\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u75d5\u4eea\u5bf9\u5fae\u67f1\u8fdb\u884c\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5e94\u529b\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u4e2d\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u91cf\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u56fe\u6587\u89e3\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e00<\/strong> \u5fae\u7c73\u67f1\u7684\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(a-c<\/strong>) \u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5fae\u7c73\u67f1\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1a(a<\/strong>) \u03c6=1.35\u03bcm; (b<\/strong>) \u03c6=1.1\u03bcm; (c<\/strong>) \u03c6=0.9\u03bcm;<\/p>\n

(d-f<\/strong>) \u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5fae\u7c73\u67f1\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u8f7d\u8377-\u6df1\u5ea6\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1a(d<\/b>) \u03c6=1.35\u03bcm;\u00a0(e<\/b>) \u03c6=1.1\u03bcm;\u00a0(f<\/b>) \u03c6=0.9\u03bcm;<\/p>\n

(g-i<\/strong>) \u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5fae\u7c73\u67f1\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u5e94\u529b-\u5e94\u53d8\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1a(g<\/strong>) \u03c6=1.35 \u03bcm; \u03c3c<\/sub>= 184MPa; (h<\/strong>) \u03c6=1.1 \u03bcm; \u03c3c<\/sub>= 182MPa; (i<\/strong>) \u03c6=0.9\u03bcm; \u03c3c<\/sub>=187MPa.<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e8c<\/strong> \u5fae\u7c73\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5fae\u67f1\u7684\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u53ca\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(a<\/strong>) \u76f4\u5f84\u5927\u4e8e0.8\u03bcm\u7684\u5fae\u67f1\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u84dd\u8272\u83f1\u5f62\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u529b\u66f2\u7ebf\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8f6c\u6298\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u54c1\u7ea2\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u5e73\u53f0\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u7eff\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u03c6=1.7\u03bcm , \u03c6=1.6\u03bcm, \u03c6=1.55\u03bcm \u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff08\u524d\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09\uff1b\u9752\u8272\u73af\u7ed5\u7684\u6d0b\u7ea2\u8272\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u56feb\u4e2d\u5fae\u67f1\u9635\u5217\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1b<\/p>\n

(b<\/strong>) \u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u7684\u5fae\u67f1\u9635\u5217\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

(c<\/strong>) \u5fae\u67f1\u9635\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u67f1\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e09<\/strong> \u7eb3\u7c73\u5fae\u67f1\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(a-c<\/strong>) \u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7eb3\u7c73\u5fae\u67f1\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1a(a<\/strong>) \u03c6=435nm ;\u00a0(b<\/strong>) \u03c6=335nm ;\u00a0(c<\/strong>) \u03c6=262nm;<\/p>\n

(d-f<\/strong>) \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u8f7d\u8377-\u6df1\u5ea6\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c(f)\u4e2d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8868\u660e\u5e73\u53f0\u671f\u4e2d\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u54cd\u5e94\uff1b<\/p>\n

(g-i<\/strong>) \u5e94\u529b-\u5e94\u53d8\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e(d-f)\u4e2d\u7684\u8f7d\u8377-\u6df1\u5ea6\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002\u6bcf\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u00a0\u03c3c<\/sub>\uff0c(i)\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6768\u6c0f\u6a21\u91cfE[001]<\/sub>=23.5GPa.<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u56db<\/strong> \u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(a<\/strong>) \u5fae\u7c73\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u5fae\u67f1\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u548c\u5fae\u67f1\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7ea2\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u529b\u5e73\u53f0\u503c\uff1b\u84dd\u8272\u83f1\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u66f2\u7ebf\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8f6c\u6298\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u7ea2\u8272\u65b9\u5757\u8868\u793a\u539f\u4f4d\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u9752\u8272\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u8868\u793a5kV\u805a\u7126\u79bb\u5b50\u675f\u5236\u5907\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u67f1\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u503c\uff1b\u8fde\u7eed\u7d2b\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff1b<\/p>\n

(b<\/strong>) \u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u548c\u5fae\u67f1\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u84dd\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u7eb3\u7c73\u538b\u7f29\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5728\u7b2c100\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5c06\u6e10\u8fd1\u975e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5e94\u529b\uff08165 MPa\uff09\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u03c30<\/sub>\uff1b\u7070\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u5927\u5757\u5355\u6676\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u03c3B.<\/sub><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e94<\/strong> \u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u6807\u5ea6\u5e42\u5f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e34\u754c\u5206\u5207\u5e94\u53d8\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff1a\u7ea2\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u56fe\u56db(a)\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff1b\u84dd\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u56fe4b\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7b2c100\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u516d<\/strong> \u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(a<\/strong>) \u539f\u5b50\u5806\u579b\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\u5965\u6c0f\u4f53\u03b2(L21<\/sub>)\/\/(101)\uff1b<\/p>\n

(b<\/strong>) \u5728[101]\u65b9\u5411\u65bd\u52a0\u5e94\u529b\u03c3ap<\/sub>\u4ea7\u751f\u5f39\u6027\u4f4dUM<\/sub>\u79fb\u03b2\u76f8\u7684\u6676\u683c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7070\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u8868\u793a\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u8f6c\u53d8\u65f6\uff0c\u6676\u683c\u5207\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5f1b\u8c6b\u8fd0\u52a8\uff1b<\/p>\n

(c<\/strong>) \u5e73\u884c\u4e8e[10-1]\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u952e\u5f1b\u8c6b\u540e\u03b3\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u7684\u6676\u683c\u72b6\u6001\uff1b<\/p>\n

(d<\/strong>) \u5f84\u5411\u5e94\u53d8\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5c0f\u7ed3\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8be5\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u529b\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u7684\u4e34\u754c\u5e94\u529b\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u7740\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7Cu-Al-Ni\u5408\u91d1\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5343\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u65f6\u4f9d\u7136\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8d85\u5f39\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u5e94\u529b\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u6807\u5ea6\u5e42\u5f8b\u7684\u666e\u9002\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9a6c\u6c0f\u4f53\u5747\u5300\u5f62\u6838\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u578b\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u672a\u6765\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5fae\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u673a\u68b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u533b\u7597\u9886\u57df\u548c\u67d4\u6027\u7535\u5b50\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5<\/strong>\uff1aSize effect and scaling power-law for superelasticity in shape-memory alloys at the nanoscale<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>(Nat. Nanotech., May 29, 2017, DOI: 10.1038\/NNANO.2017.91)<\/p>\n

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