{"id":84648,"date":"2017-06-02T06:30:32","date_gmt":"2017-06-01T22:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=84648"},"modified":"2017-06-02T08:28:13","modified_gmt":"2017-06-02T00:28:13","slug":"%e5%90%ac%e4%b8%93%e5%ae%b6%e8%af%84%e8%bf%b0%e6%b0%b4%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%ef%bc%88%e5%8f%af%e7%87%83%e5%86%b0%ef%bc%89%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e8%bf%9b%e5%b1%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=84648","title":{"rendered":"\u542c\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8ff0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff08\u53ef\u71c3\u51b0\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"

5\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u571f\u8d44\u6e90\u90e8\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u8d28\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6211\u56fd\u9996\u6b21\u6d77\u57df\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8bd5\u91c7\u5728\u5357\u6d77\u795e\u72d0\u6d77\u57df\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fde\u7eed\u8d85\u8fc77\u5929\u7a33\u5b9a\u4ea7\u6c14\uff0c\u8bd5\u91c7\u53d6\u5f97\u5706\u6ee1\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6211\u56fd\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u5434\u65f6\u56fd\u3001\u738b\u79c0\u5a1f\u3001\u9648\u7aef\u65b0\u3001\u738b\u5fd7\u541b\u7b49\u8457\u300a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5730\u8d28\u6982\u8bba\u300b\uff08 \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2016.01\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6458\u7f16\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u8bc4\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u201c\u53ef\u71c3\u51b0\u201d\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5404\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5f00\u8bbe\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u95e8\u548c\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u5b66\u9662\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6709\u5173\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u673a\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u6210\u4e3a\u70ed\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u53ca\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u4e49<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u662f\u7531\u6c34\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u5728\u9ad8\u538b\u4f4e\u6e29\u73af\u5883\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u51b0\u6001\u3001\u7ed3\u6676\u72b6\u7b3c\u5f62\u5316\u5408\u7269(Paull and Dillon\uff0c2001\uff1bSloan and Koh\uff0c2008)\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u6c34\u6df1(\u901a\u5e38>300m) \u7684\u6d77\u5e95\u4ee5\u4e0b\u548c\u6c38\u4e45\u51bb\u571f\u5e26\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee5\u7532\u70f7\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u7edc\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u4ee5\u7532\u70f7\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e0e\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u7ec4\u6210\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5177\u6709\u5c0f\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a(\u5373\u6210\u5206\u53ef\u53d8)\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u901a\u5f0fM\u00b7nH\u2082O\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0cM \u4e3a\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\uff0cn \u4e3a\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u6570\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5355\u79cd\u6c14\u4f53\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u867d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u591a\u79cd\u6c14\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u89c1\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u591a\u5448\u767d\u8272\u3001\u6de1\u9ec4\u8272\u3001\u7425\u73c0\u8272\u3001\u6697\u8910\u8272\u7b49\u8f74\u72b6\u3001\u5c42\u72b6\u3001\u5c0f\u9488\u72b6\u7ed3\u6676\u4f53\u6216\u5206\u6563\u72b6\u7ed3\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5ca9\u82af\u6837\u54c1\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8d4b\u5b58: \u2460\u4ee5\u7403\u7c92\u72b6\u6563\u5e03\u4e8e\u7ec6\u7c92\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u6216\u5ca9\u77f3\u4e2d\uff1b\u2461\u5360\u636e\u7c97\u7c92\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u6216\u5ca9\u77f3\u7c92\u95f4\u5b54\u9699\uff1b\u2462\u4ee5\u56fa\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u586b\u5145\u5728\u88c2\u7f1d\u4e2d\uff1b\u2463\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6d77\u5e95\u7684\u5757\u72b6\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4f34\u968f\u5c11\u91cf\u6c89\u79ef\u7269(Lee and Collett\uff0c2009\uff1bBoswell and Collett\uff0c2011\uff1bZhang et al.\uff0c2014)\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25b2\u00a0\u5929\u7136\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u6e05\u6d01\u80fd\u6e90\u3002\u636e\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u603b\u91cf\u6362\u7b97\u6210\u7532\u70f7\u6c14\u4f53\u4e3a1.8\u00d71016<\/sup>-2.1\u00d71016<\/sup>m\u00b3\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u78b3\u50a8\u91cf\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u5df2\u63a2\u660e\u77ff\u7269\u71c3\u6599(\u7164\u70ad\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u7b49) \u7684\u4e24\u500d(Paull and Dillon\uff0c2001)\u3002\u6d77\u6d0b\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u91cf\u5341\u5206\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u9646\u5730\u51bb\u571f\u5e26\u7684100 \u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a(Paull and Dillon\uff0c2001)\u3002\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u663e\u8457\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5206\u5e03\u5e7f\u3001\u50a8\u91cf\u5927\u3001\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u70ed\u503c\uff0c1m\u00b3\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u51fa164m\u00b3\u7532\u70f7\u6c14\u548c0.8m\u00b3\u6c34\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6d77\u6d0b\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c06\u662f21\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u524d\u666f\u80fd\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5341\u5206\u68d8\u624b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3( MacDonald\uff0c1990)\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5341\u5206\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u6d77\u5e95\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5206\u89e3\u4f7f\u6c89\u79ef\u5c42\u6db2\u5316\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d77\u5e95\u6ed1\u5761(submarine landslide)\u3001\u91cd\u529b\u6d41\u548c\u6d77\u5578\u7b49\u5730\u8d28\u707e\u5bb3\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d77\u6d0b\u5de5\u7a0b\u9020\u6210\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u7684\u7834\u574f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5f15\u53d1\u5730\u5c42\u5931\u7a33\u3001\u6ea2\u6d41\u3001\u4e95\u6d8c\u548c\u5bfc\u7ba1\u4e0b\u6c89\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6df1\u6c34\u94bb\u4e95\u5730\u8d28\u707e\u5bb3\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u6d45\u201d \u5730\u8d28\u4e4b\u4e00(\u5434\u65f6\u56fd\u7b49\uff0c2011)\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u6c34\u6cb9\u6c14\u7530\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e95\u7b52\u3001\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e\u548c\u8f93\u6c14\u7ba1\u7ebf\u5835\u585e\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u56f0\u6270\u6cb9\u6c14\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u7684\u68d8\u624b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u7814\u5236\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6291\u5236\u5242\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6280\u672f\u6b63\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u73af\u4fdd\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u3001\u6cb9\u6c14\u50a8\u8fd0\u3001\u77f3\u6cb9\u5316\u5de5\u3001\u751f\u5316\u5236\u836f\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6709\u4ee5\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u50a8\u5b58\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u96c6\u6563\u5929\u7136\u6c14\uff0c\u7528\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6cd5\u5206\u79bb\u4f4e\u6cb8\u70b9\u6c14\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269(\u5982\u4e59\u70ef\u88c2\u89e3\u6c14\u3001\u5404\u79cd\u70bc\u5382\u5e72\u6c14\u548c\u5929\u7136\u6c14)\uff0c\u7528\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6cd5\u6de1\u5316\u6d77\u6c34\uff0c\u5229\u7528CO\u2082\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6cd5\u5c06\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53CO\u2082\u5b58\u4e8e\u6d77\u5e95\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7532\u70f7\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u66a7\u3001\u51b0\u671f\u7ec8\u6b62\u548c\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u7269\u706d\u7edd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6d77\u5e95\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u5927\u91cf\u7532\u70f7\uff0c\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d77\u6d0b\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d77\u6d0b\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5f80\u5f80\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5730\u9707\u53cd\u5c04\u2014\u2014\u4f3c\u6d77\u5e95\u53cd\u5c04\u5c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e26\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u542b\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5730\u5c42\u4e0e\u542b\u6e38\u79bb\u6c14\u6c89\u79ef\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6ce2\u963b\u6297\u5dee\u5f15\u8d77\u7684(Shipley et al.\uff0c1979\uff1bCollett\uff0c2002\uff1b\u5b8b\u6d77\u658c\uff0c2003)\u3002\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u6d77\u5e95\u4ee5\u4e0b300m \u6df1\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6d45\u5c42\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u76ee\u524d\u94bb\u9047\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6d77\u533a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e09\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u80cc\u666f:<\/p>\n

1.\u88ab\u52a8\u5927\u9646\u8fb9\u7f18\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u5e03\u83b1\u514b\u6d77\u53f0(Blake Ridge)\u3001\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6e7e(Gulf of Mexico) \u76c6\u5730\u3001\u632a\u5a01\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u88ab\u52a8\u9646\u7f18\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u963f\u62c9\u65af\u52a0\u9646\u5761\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u88ab\u52a8\u9646\u7f18\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u7eb3\uff0d\u6208\u8fbe\u74e6\u91cc(Krishna-Godavari\uff0cKG) \u76c6\u5730\u7b49\uff1b<\/p>\n

2.\u6c47\u805a\u5927\u9646\u8fb9\u7f18\u5f27\u524d\u76c6\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u4fc4\u52d2\u5188\u5916\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u810a\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5361\u65af\u51ef\u8fea\u4e9a(Cascadia) \u4fef\u51b2\u5e26\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5357\u6d77\u6d77\u69fd\u3001\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u5e0c\u5e93\u5170\u5409(Hikurangi)\u7b49\uff1b<\/p>\n

3.\u8fb9\u7f18\u6d77\u76c6\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u6d77\u4e1c\u5357\u7f18\u4e0a\u8d8a(Joetsu) \u76c6\u5730\u3001\u97e9\u56fd\u90c1\u9675(Ulleung)\u76c6\u5730\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u6d77\u3001\u9102\u970d\u6b21\u514b\u6d77\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5728\u5317\u6781\u6d77\u57df\u4e5f\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5728\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5341\u5206\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4ece\u8d64\u9053\u5230\u6781\u5730\u6d77\u57df\u5927\u91cf\u5bcc\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25b2 \u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5206\u5e03\u56fe(Collett\uff0c2014)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\u53ca\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4eba\u4eec\u4ece\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u6709200 \u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u65e9\u57281810 \u5e74\u5c31\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4f46\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5(1810-1933 \u5e74) \u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u63a2\u7d22\u7814\u7a76<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u6c14\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u6c34\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458Davy\u57281810 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u4e86Cl\u2082\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6c14\u4f53\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5404\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u5316\u5b66\u7ec4\u5206\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u867d\u5386\u7ecf\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4ecd\u77e5\u4e4b\u751a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5(1934-1992 \u5e74) \u4e3a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5e94\u7528\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u6291\u5236\u6280\u672f\u300220 \u4e16\u7eaa30 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8f93\u6c14\u7ba1\u9053\u5185\u6613\u5f62\u6210\u767d\u8272\u51b0\u72b6\u56fa\u4f53\u586b\u79ef\u7269\uff0c\u7ed9\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u8f93\u9001\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u77f3\u6cb9\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4fbf\u628a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u653e\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u6d88\u9664\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5835\u585e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5f97\u5230\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6291\u5236\u5242\u5728\u6cb9\u6c14\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u540e\u671f\u5728\u9646\u5730\u6c38\u4e45\u51bb\u571f\u5e26\u548c\u6d77\u5e95\u9646\u7eed\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c1968 \u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9ea6\u7d22\u4e9a\u54c8\u6c14\u7530\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u5730\u5c42\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u77ff\u85cf\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u7528\u6ce8\u70ed\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5242\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u77ff\u85cf\uff0c\u6380\u8d77\u4e8620 \u4e16\u7eaa70 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5(1993\u5e74\u81f3\u4eca) \u662f\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5168\u9762\u7814\u7a76\u65f6\u671f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u56fd\u9645\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e3a\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u683c\u5c40\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u6210\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u80fd\u6e90\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53d7\u5230\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u751f\u6210\/\u5206\u89e3\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u56fa\u6001\u50a8\u5b58\u7b49\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6291\u5236\u5242\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6291\u5236\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u548c\u5168\u7403\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53d7\u5230\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4ee5\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6291\u5236\u6280\u672f\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u56fa\u6001\u50a8\u5b58\u548c\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6cd5\u5206\u79bb\u6c14\u4f53\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7b49\u65b0\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6280\u672f\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u52d8\u63a2\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6e29\u5ba4\u6c14\u4f53\u7684\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6cd5\u6355\u96c6\u548c\u5c01\u5b58\u7b49\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7814\u7a76\u683c\u5c40\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u9a6c\u66f4\u4e9b\u4e09\u89d2\u6d32\u3001\u5317\u65af\u6d1b\u666e\u3001\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u6e7e\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u6d77\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5357\u6d77\u6d77\u69fd\u3001\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u6e7e\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u9646\u8fb9\u7f18\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u6d77\u5317\u5761\u7b49\u5730\u76f8\u7ee7\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u94bb\u63a2\u548c\u8bd5\u91c7(Lee and Collett\uff0c2009\uff1bBoswelland Collett\uff0c2011\uff1bRiedel et al.\uff0c2012\uff1bZhang et al.\uff0c2014)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5168\u9762\u5f00\u91c7\u548c\u5229\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u4e34\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u524d\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762:<\/p>\n

1.\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u94bb\u63a2\u3001\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5f00\u91c7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u97e9\u56fd\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e13\u95e8\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6295\u5165\u5de8\u8d44\uff0c\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u52d8\u63a2\u5f00\u53d1\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u63a2\u660e\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u5546\u4e1a\u6027\u5f00\u91c7\u505a\u524d\u671f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5f00\u91c7\u6280\u672f\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u627e\u77ff\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u5b66\u79d1\u3001\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u9707\u8c03\u67e5\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5df2\u6709\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5df2\u521d\u6b65\u5708\u5b9a\u4e86\u90bb\u8fd1\u6d77\u57df\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5206\u5e03\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u52d8\u67e5\u6280\u672f\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3001\u73af\u5883\u6548\u5e94\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f85\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5e38\u89c4\u4f53\u79ef\u6cd5\u3001\u6982\u7387\u7edf\u8ba1\u6cd5\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u751f\u7269\u6210\u56e0\u6c14\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6709\u673a\u8d28\u70ed\u5206\u89e3\u6c14\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u8d4b\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u63a8\u6d4b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8ba1\u5212\u96c6\u4e2d\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5f00\u91c7\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6765\u81ea\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u8bf1\u5bfc\u9a71\u6c14\u7684\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u542b\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5730\u533a\u5e38\u89c4\u77f3\u6cb9\u5f00\u91c7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027(Allison and Boswell\uff0c2009)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5f00\u91c7\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u6458\u7f16\u81ea\u300a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5730\u8d28\u6982\u8bba\u300b\uff08\u5434\u65f6\u56fd\u3001\u738b\u79c0\u5a1f\u3001\u9648\u7aef\u65b0\u3001\u738b\u5fd7\u541b\u7b49\u8457. \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2016.01\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u300a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5730\u8d28\u6982\u8bba\u300b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5730\u8d28\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u5357\u6d77\u6d77\u57df\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4f30\u7b97\u65e0\u4e95\u548c\u6709\u4e95\u5730\u533a\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5bcc\u96c6\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5357\u6d77\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8fdc\u666f\u8d44\u6e90\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u5173\u56fe\u4e66<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5218\u660c\u5cad\u8457<\/strong><\/p>\n

ISBN\uff1a978-7-03-049110-7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2016.7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5357\u6d77\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u6c89\u79ef\u7269\u77ff\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u5730\u7403\u5316\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9646\u7ea2\u950b\uff0c\u5b59\u6653\u660e\uff0c\u5f20\u7f8e\u00a0\u8457<\/strong><\/p>\n

ISBN\uff1a978-7-03-031940-1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2017.4<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u6c34\u5408\u7269\u8d44\u6e90\u6982\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91d1\u5e86\u7115\u00a0\u7b49\u00a0\u8457<\/strong><\/p>\n

ISBN\uff1a978-7-03-017203-7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2006.9<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65b0\u4e66\u9884\u544a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u79d1\u666e\u8bfb\u7269\uff0c5\u6708\u5e95\u51fa\u7248<\/strong><\/p>\n

ISBN\uff1a978-7-03-052655-7\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u5730\u7403\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba2\u9605\u53f7\u8d5b\u6770\u5965\uff08sci_geo\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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