{"id":72995,"date":"2017-03-26T06:30:23","date_gmt":"2017-03-25T22:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=72995"},"modified":"2017-03-25T08:27:45","modified_gmt":"2017-03-25T00:27:45","slug":"%e5%bc%a0%e5%8d%8e%e6%95%99%e6%8e%88chem-rev-%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e8%b6%85%e8%96%84%e4%ba%8c%e7%bb%b4%e7%ba%b3%e7%b1%b3%e6%9d%90%e6%96%99%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e8%bf%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=72995","title":{"rendered":"\u5f20\u534e\u6559\u6388Chem. Rev.\u6700\u65b0\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5357\u6d0b\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5f20\u534e\u6559\u6388\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09<\/strong>\u7b49\u4eba\u4ee5\u201c<\/strong>Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials<\/strong>\u201d<\/strong>\u4e3a\u9898\u5728Chemical Reviews<\/strong>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7efc\u8ff0\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8868\u5f81\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u540e\u5bf9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u7efc\u8ff0\u603b\u89c8\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u6982\u8ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2. \u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u8d85\u51e1\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u7279\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u7535\u5b50\/\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u9886\u57df\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6bd4\u62df\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6027\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7535\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u65e0\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u72c4\u62c9\u514b-\u8d39\u7c73\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u72ec\u7279\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u6027\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6548\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u539a\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e09\u5c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5141\u8bb8\u7535\u5b50\u65e0\u6563\u5c04\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u5fae\u7c73\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7279\u6027\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u5ba4\u6e29\u4e0b\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u9ad8\u7684\u7535\u8377\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u548c\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u80fd\u5e26\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u7387\u7535\u5b50\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u7684\u5019\u9009\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u80fd\u9699\u548c\u9002\u4e2d\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7535\u5b50\/\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6c9f\u9053\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u9762\u5185\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u539a\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u67d4\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u4e5f\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u51cf\u5c0f\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u539a\u5ea6\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u5e76\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u6700\u591a\u7684\u8868\u9762\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u6781\u5176\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9884\u8ba1\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u5728\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5df2\u7ecf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u6d53\u5ea6\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5206\u6563\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u63a7\u8584\u819c\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u8584\u819c\u5f62\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d4\u6027\u548c\u900f\u660e\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u3001\u5149\u5b66\u5668\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u80fd\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u7535\u6781\u7b49\u3002\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u7ea7\u8c03\u63a7\u5176\u7279\u6027\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u6210\u5206\u53ca\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6210\u5206\u548c\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u522b\uff1a\u5c42\u72b6\u548c\u975e\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u4e92\u95f4\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c42\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u529b\u7ed3\u5408\u7ec4\u6210\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u516d\u65b9\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\uff08h-BN\uff09\u3001\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff08TMDs\uff09\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\u6c2e\u5316\u78b3\uff08g-C3<\/sub>N4<\/sub>\uff09\u3001\u9ed1\u78f7\u3001\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff08TMOs\uff09\u548c\u5c42\u72b6\u53cc\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff08LDHs\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\uff09\u5f97\u5230\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6216\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u952e\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u7279\u522b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u8d56\u539f\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u6392\u5e03\u6216\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u5806\u579b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6676\u76f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6676\u76f8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

3.1 <\/strong>\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u662f\u5355\u539f\u5b50\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u78b3\u7684\u540c\u7d20\u5f02\u5f62\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u7684\u78b3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u03c3\u952e\u548c\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5408\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7247\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7ea6\u4e3a1.42\u00c5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u529b\u5806\u579b\u5f62\u6210\u77f3\u58a8\uff0c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u7ea6\u4e3a3.35 \u00c5\u3002<\/p>\n

3.2 <\/strong>\u516d\u65b9\u6c2e\u5316\u787c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5757\u4f53\u7684h-BN\u548c\u77f3\u58a8\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5c42\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u7531\u76f8\u7b49\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u787c\u548c\u6c2e\u5728\u516d\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\u91cc\u6392\u5217\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u787c\u548c\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u952e\u5408\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u529b\u5806\u579b\u5f62\u6210\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u4e0e\u77f3\u58a8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0ch-BN\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6676\u683c\u5e38\u6570\u548c\u95f4\u8ddd\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ech-BN\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u7247\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u767d\u8272\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3\u00a0<\/strong>\u77f3\u58a8\u6c2e\u5316\u78b3\uff08<\/strong>g-C3<\/sub>N4<\/sub><\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

g-C3<\/sub>N4<\/sub>\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u7c7b\u6750\u6599\u3002g-C3<\/sub>N4<\/sub>\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4f5c\u901a\u8fc7\u78b3\u548c\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u7684sp2<\/sup>\u6742\u5316\u5f62\u6210\u6c2e\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eg-C3<\/sub>N4<\/sub>\u6765\u8bf4\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7531\u5177\u6709\u5355\u4e2a\u78b3\u7a7a\u4f4d\u5468\u671f\u9635\u5217\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5747\u4e09\u55ea\u5355\u5143\u6784\u6210\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u4e09\u5747\u4e09\u55ea\u4e9a\u5355\u5143\u901a\u8fc7\u6676\u683c\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7a7a\u4f4d\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u53d4\u80fa\u57fa\u57fa\u56e2\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

3.4 <\/strong>\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\uff08<\/strong>TMDs<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

TMDs\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aMX2<\/sub>\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cM\u4ee3\u8868\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u5b50\uff0cX\u4ee3\u8868\u786b\u65cf\u539f\u5b50\u3002\u4e0e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u76f8\u540c\uff0cTMDs\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aTMD\u5355\u5c42\u7531\u4e09\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u5c42\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u786b\u65cf\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002TMDs\u5177\u5907\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u591a\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>1 <\/strong>\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff08<\/strong>a<\/strong>\uff09\u3001\u516d\u65b9\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\uff08<\/strong>b<\/strong>\uff09\u3001\u77f3\u58a8\u6c2e\u5316\u78b3\u7684<\/strong>\u5747\u4e09\u55ea<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>c<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u4e09\u5747\u4e09\u55ea\uff08<\/strong>d<\/strong>\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u5355\u5143<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>2<\/strong> \u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u6001\u7684<\/strong>MoS2<\/sub><\/strong>\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.5 <\/strong>\u9ed1\u78f7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5757\u4f53\u7684\u9ed1\u78f7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c42\u72b6\u7684\u6b63\u4ea4\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u7a7a\u95f4\u7fa4\u4e3aCmca\uff0864\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u90bb\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u4e3a5.4 \u00c5\uff0c\u5c42\u95f4\u540c\u6837\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u9ed1\u78f7\u7531\u8936\u76b1\u7684\u8702\u7a9d\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u78f7\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u5728\u56db\u4e2a\u78f7\u539f\u5b50\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5e73\u9762\u5185\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

3.6 <\/strong>\u2162<\/strong>–<\/strong>\u2165<\/strong>\u65cf\u5c42\u72b6\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2162-\u2165\u65cf\u5c42\u72b6\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u5c42\u72b6\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aMX\u3002GaSe\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u7531\u5782\u76f4\u5806\u579b\u7684Se-Ga-Ga-Se\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5177\u6709D3h\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u516d\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u76f8\u90bb\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u7ea6\u4e3a0.84nm\uff0c\u6cbf\u8f74\u7684\u6676\u683c\u5e38\u6570\u7ea6\u4e3a0.40nm\u3002<\/p>\n

3.7<\/strong> MXenes<\/strong>\uff08\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u6216\u78b3\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mxenes\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u539f\u59cbMAX\u76f8\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u8fc7\u6e21\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u6216\u78b3\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u59cbMAX\u76f8\u5177\u6709\u901a\u5f0fMn+1<\/sub>AXn<\/sub>\uff08n=1,2,3\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dM\u4e3a\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0cA\u4e3aIIIA \u6216IVA\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0cX\u4e3a\u78b3\u6216\u6c2e\u3002MAX\u76f8\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7684\u3001P63<\/sub>\/mmc\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u516d\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cM\u5c42\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u5c01\u95ed\u805a\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6X\u539f\u5b50\u586b\u5145\u5728\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002A\u5143\u7d20\u4e0eM\u5143\u7d20\u91d1\u5c5e\u952e\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea4\u53c9\u5728Mn+1<\/sub>Xn<\/sub>\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002A\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528HF\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u523b\u8680\u6eb6\u6db2\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680MAX\u76f8\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f62\u6210\u7684MXenes\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fM2<\/sub>X\uff0cM3<\/sub>X2<\/sub>\u6216M4<\/sub>X3<\/sub>\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>3 <\/strong>\u9ed1\u78f7\uff08<\/strong>a-c<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>GaSe<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>d,e<\/strong>\uff09\u548c<\/strong>MAX<\/strong>\u76f8\uff08<\/strong>f<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.8 <\/strong>\u91d1\u5c5e\u78f7\u4e09\u786b\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91d1\u5c5e\u78f7\u4e09\u786b\u5316\u7269\u5177\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0fMPS3<\/sub>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5355\u659c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5355\u5c42\u9762\u5185\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u6570\u4e3a3\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u78f7\u4e8c\u805a\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u91d1\u5c5e\u5c42\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u72b6\u4f4d\u4e8e\u626d\u66f2\u516b\u9762\u4f53S\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

3.9\u00a0<\/strong>\u5c42\u72b6\u53cc\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff08<\/strong>LDHs<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c42\u72b6\u53cc\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff08LDHs\uff09\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u901a\u5f0f\uff1a[Mz+<\/sup>1<\/sub>\u2212<\/sub>x<\/sub>M3+<\/sup>x<\/sub>(OH)2<\/sub>]m+<\/sup>[An<\/sup>\u2212<\/sup>]m\/n<\/sub>\u00b7yH2<\/sub>O\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u5c42\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u7535\u8377\u5e73\u8861\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53m=x\u65f6\uff0cMz+<\/sup>\u548cM3+<\/sup>\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e8c\u4ef7\u548c\u4e09\u4ef7\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5360\u636e\u6c34\u9541\u77f3\u72b6\u5c42\u7684\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7a7a\u6d1e\uff0cAn<\/sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u4e3a\u975e\u6846\u67b6\u7535\u8377\u5e73\u8861\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u6eb6\u5242\u5316\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5e76\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6c34\u5408\u5939\u5c42\u7684\u95f4\u8ddd\u5185\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cMz+<\/sup>\u4ee3\u8868Li+<\/sup>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6M3+<\/sup>\u4ee3\u8868Al3+<\/sup>\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6m=2x-1\u3002x\u503c\u662f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u57280.2-0.33\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0cy\u503c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u6c34\u84b8\u6c14\u538b\u529b\u548c\u6e29\u5ea6\u3002\u5728LDHs\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5360\u636e\u9876\u70b9\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u6c22\u6c27\u6839\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e92\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u5c42\u95f4\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cax\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64LDHs\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u540c\u6784\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

3.10 <\/strong>\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u662f\u5177\u6709\u901a\u5f0fMO3<\/sub>\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u4f8b\u5982MoO3<\/sub>\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u6b63\u4ea4\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u626d\u66f2\u7684MoO6<\/sub>\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u4e0e\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u5171\u8fb9\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u6cbfy\u8f74\u5806\u579b\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6784\u7b51\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u03b1-V2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

3.11 <\/strong>\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u5364\u6c27\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u5364\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u7531\u65e0\u673a\u7ec4\u5206\u6784\u6210\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aMOX\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dO\u4e3a\u6c27\uff0cX\u4e3a\u5364\u7d20\uff0cM\u4e3aFe\uff0cCr\uff0cV\u6216Ti\u3002MOX\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6ce2\u72b6\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e-\u6c27\u5c42\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u72b6\u5939\u5728\u4e24\u5c42\u5364\u7d20\u5c42\u95f4\u6784\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>4 NiPS3<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>a<\/strong>\uff0c<\/strong>b<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>LDHs<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>c<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>MnO3<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>d<\/strong>\uff09\u548c<\/strong>\u03b1-V2<\/sub>O5<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>e<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.12 <\/strong>\u91d1\u5c5e\u5364\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u5364\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u7531\u65e0\u673a\u7ec4\u5206\u6784\u6210\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aMXn<\/sub>\uff0cM\u4e3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u5143\u7d20\uff0cX\u4ee3\u8868\u5364\u65cf\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

3.13 <\/strong>\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u548c\u94cc\u9178\u76d0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aAMX3<\/sub>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dA\u548cM\u90fd\u4e3a\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\uff0cX\u4ee3\u8868\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u3002M\u4e0eX\u4e3a\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u72b6\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210MX6<\/sub>\u7684\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5355\u5143\uff0cM\u4f4d\u4e8e\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0cX\u5360\u636e\u73af\u7ed5M\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bMX6<\/sub>\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u4e92\u76f8\u4ee5\u5171\u89d2\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5ef6\u957f\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u7f51\u7edc\u3002A\u662f\u91d1\u5c5e\u6216\u6709\u673a\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u586b\u5145\u5728\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7a7a\u9699\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u8377\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u673a-\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u5728\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u6709\u673a-\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5b50\u95f4\u4ea4\u66ff\u7684\u5806\u579b\u6784\u7b51\u800c\u6210\u3002\u4e0e\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6709\u673a-\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u4e2d\u7684A\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u88ab\u6709\u673a\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8865\u507f\u6574\u4e2a\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u8377\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u77ed\u94fe\u7684\u6709\u673a\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u3002\u6709\u673a-\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u5177\u6709\u901a\u5f0fMAMX3<\/sub> (MA = CH3<\/sub>NH3<\/sub>\uff1bM = Pb\uff0cSn\uff1bX = Cl\u2212<\/sup>\uff0cBr\u2212<\/sup>\uff0cI\u2212<\/sup>)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c[MX6<\/sub>]4<\/sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6709\u673a\u94f5\u79bb\u5b50\u5728A\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5f62\u6210\u94fe\u3001\u5c42\u6216\u4e09\u7ef4\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>5 FeOCl<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>a<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>CrCl3<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>b<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>CaTiO3<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>c<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u6709\u673a\u65e0\u673a\u9499\u949b\u77ff\uff08<\/strong>d<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.14 <\/strong>\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u53ca\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9ecf\u571f\u77ff\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6c34\u5408\u7684\u94dd\u5c42\u72b6\u7845\u9178\u76d0\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4f9d\u636e\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u7845\u9178\u76d0\u5c42\u548c\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5c42\u7684\u6784\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a1:1\u548c2:1\u4e24\u79cd\u9ecf\u571f\u7c7b\u578b\u30021:1\u9ecf\u571f\u7531\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4e2d\u548c\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u57fa\u56e2\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u9ad8\u5cad\u77f3\u6216\u86c7\u7eb9\u77f3\u30022:1\u9ecf\u571f\u7531\u5939\u5728\u4e24\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e91\u6bcd\u3001\u86ed\u77f3\u548c\u8499\u8131\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ecf\u571f\u77ff\u7269\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u7684SiO4<\/sub>\u548c\/\u6216\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7684AlO4<\/sub>\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9876\u70b9\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4fa7\u5e76\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u4e0d\u5171\u7528\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u9ecf\u571f\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0e\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u952e\u5408\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5171\u7528\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u4f1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u4e2d\u3002\u56db\u9762\u4f53\u5c42\u4e2d\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u4f1a\u5904\u5728\u95f4\u9699\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u5408\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5f62\u6210OH\u57fa\u56e2\u3002<\/p>\n

3.15 <\/strong>\u91d1\u5c5e<\/strong>–<\/strong>\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u6750\u6599\uff08<\/strong>MOFs<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

MOFs\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u591a\u5b54\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u7531\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u4f4d\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u56e2\u7c07\u5f62\u6210\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u914d\u4f4d\u5242\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cMOFs\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7fa4\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u914d\u4f4d\u5242\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0cMOFs\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u4f4d\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7ed3\u6676\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0cMOFs\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u5f62\u6210\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002MOFs\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5df2\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4MOFs\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

3.16 <\/strong>\u5171\u4ef7\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u6750\u6599\uff08<\/strong>COFs<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

COFs\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u5b54\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u8f7b\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5355\u5143\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u6709\u673a\u5355\u5143\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4ef7\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u6210\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u591a\u5b54COFs\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684COFs\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6676\u4e3a\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684COFs\u7247\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u5c42\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5806\u579b\u5f62\u6210\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5806\u579b\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e73\u884c\u5b54\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

\u805a\u5408\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u7531\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u6784\u7b51\u5355\u5143\u7684\u5806\u579b\u6b21\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5c42\u72b6\u7684\u5757\u4f53\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5f62\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

3.17 <\/strong>\u91d1\u5c5e<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u91d1\u5c5e\u539f\u5b50\u4f1a\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6392\u5217\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6676\u5f62\u6210\u9762\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9\uff08fcc\uff09\u3001\u516d\u65b9\u5bc6\u5806\u79ef\uff08hcp\uff09\u6216\u8005\u4f53\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9\uff08bcc\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728\u9762\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u5728\u516d\u4e2a\u9762\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u5171\u7528\uff1b\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u5355\u5143\u7684\u9876\u89d2\u6709\u516b\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0e\u53e6\u5916\u4e03\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u5171\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u6cbf\u7740[111]\u5bc6\u5806\u79ef\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u201cABC\u201d\u7684\u5806\u579b\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u516d\u65b9\u5bc6\u5806\u79ef\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u5143\u91cc\u6709\u4e09\u5c42\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u9876\u90e8\u548c\u5e95\u90e8\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u516d\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u6392\u5217\u4e3a\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7b2c\u4e03\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u539f\u5b50\u4f1a\u586b\u5145\u9876\u5c42\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u201c\u51f9\u69fd\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u6cbf\u7740[001]\u5bc6\u5806\u79ef\u65b9\u5411\u5177\u6709\u201cABAB\u201d\u5806\u579b\u6b21\u5e8f\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\u5c42\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u7b2c\u4e09\u539f\u5b50\u5c42\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4f53\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6676\u80de\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u516b\u4e2a\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u89d2\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u4e0a\u7684\u6676\u683c\u70b9\u4e0e\u53e6\u5916\u4e03\u4e2a\u6676\u80de\u5171\u7528\u3002\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u91d1\u5c5e\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u548c\u5757\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

3.18 <\/strong>\u975e\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u975e\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u5408\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u975e\u5c42\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u6709CeO2<\/sub>\uff0cTiO2<\/sub>\uff0cIn2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\uff0cSnO2<\/sub>\u548cFe2<\/sub>O3<\/sub>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

3.19 <\/strong>\u975e\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5c42\u72b6TMDs\uff0c\u975e\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u5757\u4f53\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u7ed3\u6676\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u901a\u5f0f\u4e3aMX\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>6 <\/strong>\u94dd\u5c42\u72b6\u7845\u9178\u76d0\uff08<\/strong>a<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>Zn-TCPP MOF<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>b<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u91d1\u7684<\/strong>fcc<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>c<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>hcp<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>d<\/strong>\uff09\u3001<\/strong>4H<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>e<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong>CeO2<\/sub><\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>f<\/strong>\uff09\u548c<\/strong>PbS<\/strong>\uff08<\/strong>g<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

4. \u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5236\u5907\u5177\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u7ec4\u5206\u3001\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u539a\u5ea6\u3001\u6676\u76f8\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u548c\u8868\u9762\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u5176\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b66\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u662f\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u6781\u5177\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4e0d\u540c\u53ef\u9760\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001CVD\u548c\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u6cd5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u548c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u5f97\u5230\u8f83\u8584\u5c42\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u4e3a\u5c42\u72b6\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cCVD\u548c\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u524d\u9a71\u4f53\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u66f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u5373\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

4.1 <\/strong>\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5236\u5907\u8584\u7247\u6750\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u80f6\u5e26\u5bf9\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u5757\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5265\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u521d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u80f6\u5e26\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u6765\u524a\u5f31\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u5c42\u95f4\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u9762\u5185\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6676\u4f53\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u4e0e\u80f6\u5e26\u7684\u7c98\u7ed3\u9762\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u80f6\u5e26\u7684\u7c98\u7ed3\u9762\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u8584\u7247\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91cd\u590d\u591a\u6b21\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u5408\u9002\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u8584\u7247\u3002\u80f6\u5e26\u4e0a\u65b0\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8584\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u8868\u9762\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5851\u6599\u954a\u5b50\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u5176\u6469\u64e6\u5230\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5c31\u4f1a\u7559\u5728\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u886c\u5e95\u65f6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6676\u4f53\u30022004\u5e74\uff0cNovoselov\u3001Geim\u53ca\u5176\u5408\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u4ece\u77f3\u58a8\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8d85\u8584\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6676\u3001\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u8868\u9762\u3001\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7f3a\u70b9\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4ea7\u7387\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u7684\u539a\u7247\u5f80\u5f80\u540c\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u540cCVD\u751f\u957f\u548c\u6db2\u76f8\u6cd5\u5f62\u6210\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4eba\u624b\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u6027\u6216\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be\u5bf9\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u539a\u5ea6\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>7 <\/strong>\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u5236\u5907\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.2 <\/strong>\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u8bc1\u660e\u5c06\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5265\u79bb\u5c42\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7075\u611f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u65bd\u4ee5\u5408\u9002\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7387\u3001\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5265\u79bb\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u58f0\u6ce2\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u548c\u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

a. \u58f0\u6ce2\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u58f0\u6ce2\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u529b\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u5f97\u5230\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u58f0\u6ce2\u5904\u7406\u524d\uff0c\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u9996\u5148\u5206\u6563\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u58f0\u6ce2\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u60ac\u6d4a\u6db2\u901a\u8fc7\u79bb\u5fc3\u5206\u79bb\u5f97\u5230\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u4f1a\u8bf1\u4f7f\u6db2\u4f53\u4ea7\u751f\u6c14\u7a74\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u5728\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u6c14\u6ce1\u3002\u5f53\u6c14\u6ce1\u7834\u88c2\u65f6\uff0c\u5fae\u578b\u7684\u55b7\u5c04\u548c\u51b2\u51fb\u6ce2\u4f1a\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5206\u6563\u5728\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u5f20\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5757\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4e3a\u8f83\u8584\u7684\u5c42\u72b6\u7247\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5c31\u662f\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u4e0e\u6eb6\u5242\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u8981\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u30022008\u5e74\uff0cColeman\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u5728\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6db2\u4f53\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6eb6\u5242\u7684\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5757\u4f53\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5757\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u9762\u80fd\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4e0e\u5176\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u8d85\u58f0\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6eb6\u5242\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u3001\u8d85\u58f0\u529f\u7387\u3001\u8d85\u58f0\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u5f62\u72b6\u7c97\u7565\u8c03\u63a7\u6d53\u5ea6\u3001\u5e73\u9762\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u6240\u5f97\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u5f0a\u7aef\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5355\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5728\u5265\u79bb\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea7\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u4f7f\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7834\u88c2\u4e3a\u5c0f\u7247\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6240\u5f97\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u5c3a\u5bf8\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6216\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u5242\u7684\u6b8b\u7559\u4f1a\u5438\u9644\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>8 <\/strong>\u58f0\u6ce2\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

b. \u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4ea7\u7387\u76f8\u6bd4\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u4ea7\u7387\uff0c\u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5728\u8d85\u58f0\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0cColeman\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u8bc1\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f6c\u5b50-\u5b9a\u5b50\u6df7\u5408\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7387\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6db2\u4f53\u4e2d\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u526a\u5207\u7387\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0e\u8d85\u58f0\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6eb6\u5242\u548c\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5265\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u8584\u7247\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5265\u79bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u526a\u5207\u529b\u88c5\u7f6e\u7531\u5305\u542b\u8f6c\u5b50\u548c\u5b9a\u5b50\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8f6c\u5934\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88c5\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u77f3\u58a8\u5265\u79bb\u4e3a\u6c34\u5e73\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5728300-800nm\u95f4\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5265\u79bb\u9ed1\u78f7\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8c03\u63a7\u8f6c\u5b50\u7684\u76f4\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7247\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf\u3002\u526a\u5207\u7387\u5728\u7247\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5265\u79bb\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>9 <\/strong>\u526a\u5207\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u53ca\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u60ac\u6d6e\u6db2<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.3 <\/strong>\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u5f97\u5230\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5c0f\u79bb\u5b50\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u7684\u7a7a\u9699\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5c42\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u6269\u5927\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u5e76\u524a\u5f31\u76f8\u90bb\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5c42\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u4e0b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u5f88\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5c31\u8f7b\u6613\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d2\u5c42\u79bb\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6eb6\u5242\u53cd\u5e94\u4ea7\u751f\u6c22\u6c14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5728\u8d85\u58f0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u76f8\u90bb\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5265\u79bb\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7387\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u79bb\u5fc3\u540e\u53bb\u9664\u539a\u7247\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>10 <\/strong>\u5229\u7528\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4e24\u6b65\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u5355\u5c42<\/strong>TMDs<\/strong>\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>11 <\/strong>\u5229\u7528\u79bb\u5b50\u63d2\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6cd5\u5236\u5907<\/strong>TMDs<\/strong>\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.4 <\/strong>\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362<\/strong>\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4ece\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u3001LDHs\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u78f7\u4e09\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\uff09\u4e0a\u5265\u79bb\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u601d\u8def\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u6cd5\u5c06\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u79bb\u5b50\u66ff\u6362\u5c42\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u534a\u5f84\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u79bb\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c42\u72b6\u5757\u4f53\u7684\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u4f1a\u6781\u5ea6\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u5757\u72b6\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u76f8\u90bb\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u6269\u5927\u7684\u5316\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u5982\u673a\u68b0\u632f\u52a8\u548c\u8d85\u58f0\u7b49\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u8f85\u52a9\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u5265\u79bb\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6362\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u548c\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>12 <\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4ece\u5c42\u72b6\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u5f97\u5230\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>13 <\/strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4ece\u5c42\u72b6<\/strong>LDHs<\/strong>\u5f97\u5230\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.5 <\/strong>\u6c27\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6c27\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u4e5f\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5c42\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u542b\u6c27\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u6269\u5927\u5757\u4f53\u77f3\u58a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u524a\u5f31\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u3002\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u8d85\u58f0\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c42\u95f4\u8ddd\u6269\u5927\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5265\u79bb\u5f62\u6210\u5355\u5c42\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u5c31\u662f\u9ad8\u9530\u9178\u94be\u548c\u6d53\u786b\u9178\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u6db2\u76f8\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7387\u3001\u5927\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u6c27\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5236\u5907\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

4.6 <\/strong>\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u7531Gogotsi\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5728\u5236\u5907\u524d\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u548c\/\u6216\u78b3\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff08MXenes\uff09\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u800c\u6765\u3002MAX\u76f8\u5177\u6709\u901a\u5f0fMn+1<\/sub>AXn<\/sub> (n = 1, 2, 3)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cM\u3001A\u3001X\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u524d\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001IIIA \u6216 IVA\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u53caC\u548c\/\u6216N\u3002\u5728\u5757\u4f53Mn+1<\/sub>AXn<\/sub>\u4e2d\uff0cM\u5c42\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u516d\u8fb9\u5f62\u5c01\u95ed\u805a\u96c6\u7684\uff0c\u540c\u65f6X\u539f\u5b50\u586b\u5145\u5728\u516b\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002A\u5143\u7d20\u4e0eM\u5143\u7d20\u91d1\u5c5e\u952e\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea4\u53c9\u5728Mn+1<\/sub>Xn<\/sub>\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002\u9762\u5185\u7684M-X\u952e\u662f\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\/\u91d1\u5c5e\u952e\/\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u7684\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9762\u5916\u7684M-A\u952e\u662f\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5176\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cMn+1<\/sub>AXn<\/sub>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5c42\u72b6\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684Mn+1<\/sub>Xn<\/sub>\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7A\u5c42\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u5c42\u72b6\u91d1\u5c5e\uff0cMn+1<\/sub>AXn<\/sub>\u76f8\u4e2dMn+1<\/sub>Xn<\/sub>\u5c42\u95f4\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u952e\u5408\u8fdc\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u5c42\u72b6\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8981\u5f3a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5265\u79bb\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8eMAX\u76f8\u6765\u8bf4\u65e0\u6548\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u523b\u8680\u8f85\u52a9\u6db2\u4f53\u5265\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u7531\u677e\u6563\u5806\u579b\u7684Mn+1<\/sub>Xn<\/sub>\u5c42\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u58f0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>14 <\/strong>\u4ece<\/strong>MAX<\/strong>\u76f8\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230<\/strong>MXenes<\/strong>\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.7 <\/strong>\u5316\u5b66\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\uff08<\/strong>CVD<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

CVD\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u9ad8\u7eaf\u6750\u6599\u6216\u8584\u819c\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0cCVD\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u5927\u91cf\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u9884\u9009\u7684\u886c\u5e95\u653e\u5165\u7089\u8154\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u6216\u591a\u79cd\u6c14\u6001\u524d\u9a71\u4f53\u5728\u7089\u8154\u5185\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u524d\u9a71\u4f53\u4f1a\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\/\u6216\u6c89\u79ef\u5728\u886c\u5e95\u8868\u9762\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u751f\u957f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u662f\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>15 CVD<\/strong>\u6cd5\u5236\u5907<\/strong>MoS2<\/sub><\/strong>\u8584\u7247\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.8 <\/strong>\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7387\u3001\u5927\u8d28\u91cf\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8f83\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u6cd5\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5728\u5408\u9002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u524d\u9a71\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u53ef\u64cd\u63a7\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5236\u5907\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4fbf\u6377\u3001\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u4e8e\u539a\u5ea6\u548c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u6781\u5177\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u7279\u522b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5408\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u975e\u5c42\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5730\u5206\u6563\u5728\u65e0\u673a\u6216\u6c34\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5341\u5206\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6e7f\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6c34\u70ed\/\u6eb6\u5242\u70ed\u6cd5\u3001\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b9a\u5411\u9644\u7740\u3001\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6a21\u677f\u6cd5\u3001\u70ed\u6ce8\u5165\u6cd5\u3001\u754c\u9762\u9694\u79bb\u6cd5\u3001\u8868\u9762\u5408\u6210\u6cd5\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u8868\u5f81<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u624b\u6bb5\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u3001\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u539a\u5ea6\u3001\u7ed3\u6676\u6027\u3001\u6676\u76f8\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u6001\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u6001\u3002\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u8868\u5f81\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u5173\u8054\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u6307\u5bfc\u5177\u5907\u76ee\u6807\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u627e\u51fa\u6750\u6599\u5408\u6210\u7684\u751f\u957f\u673a\u7406\u3002\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9274\u522b\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u3001SPM\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08SEM\uff09\u3001\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08TEM\uff09\/\u626b\u63cf\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08STEM\uff09\u3001XAFS\u3001XPS\u4ee5\u53ca\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

5.1 <\/strong>\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u539a\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5728\u666e\u901a\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u6781\u5927\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u7279\u6027\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6210\u50cf\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u7684\u5e72\u6d89\u3002\u88f8\u9732\u7684\u886c\u5e95\u4e0e\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u95f4\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u5dee\u522b\u662f\u7531\u6837\u54c1\u4e0a\u5149\u8def\u548c\u5149\u900f\u8fc7\u6027\u7684\u660e\u663e\u6270\u52a8\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>16 <\/strong>\u5229\u7528\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u7167\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n

5.2 <\/strong>\u626b\u63cf\u63a2\u9488\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u626b\u63cf\u63a2\u9488\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e0b\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762\u6027\u8d28\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u8c8c\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u5c4f\u853d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u5e26\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

a. \u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08AFM\uff09\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f88\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u8868\u5f81\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5149\u5b66\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6\u3001\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u548c\u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u8c31\u7b49\u7cbe\u786e\u533a\u5206\u5c42\u72b6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5c42\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>17 <\/strong>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684<\/strong>AFM<\/strong>\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n

b. \u5bfc\u7535\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08<\/strong>CAFM<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5bfc\u7535\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08CAFM\uff09\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9ad8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u5bfc\u7535\u7684\u5c16\u5934\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9876\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ece\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5e95\u7535\u6781\u5230\u9876\u7535\u6781\u95f4\u7684\u96a7\u7a7f\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>18 <\/strong>\u5bfc\u7535\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08<\/strong>CAFM<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u7167\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n

c. \u9759\u7535\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08<\/strong>EFM<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u5f00\u5c14\u6587\u63a2\u9488\u529b\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08<\/strong>KPFM<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5bfc\u7535\u5c16\u7aef\u4e0e\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u9759\u7535\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u632f\u5e45\u548c\u76f8\u4f4d\u4e2d\u53ef\u63a2\u6d4b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u7684\u9759\u7535\u52bf\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f85\u52a9\u63ed\u793a\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8868\u9762\u52bf\u548c\u7535\u5c4f\u853d\u7279\u6027\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8584\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u5c4f\u853d\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64EFM\u548cKPFM\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u6750\u6599\u548c\u886c\u5e95\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5341\u5206\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

d. \u626b\u63cf\u96a7\u9053\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08<\/strong>STM<\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u626b\u63cf\u96a7\u9053\u5149\u8c31\uff08<\/strong>STS<\/strong>\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

STM\u548cSTS\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u8c8c\u8fdb\u884c\u63ed\u793a\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u5b9a\u57df\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8868\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0cSTM\u548cSTS\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5bf9\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u63ba\u6742\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e86\u89e3\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\u5e26\u9699\u3001\u7f3a\u9677\u548c\u6805\u6781\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684\u63ba\u6742\u3001\u5c40\u57df\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u7684\u80fd\u5e26\u5bf9\u51c6\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

5.3 <\/strong>\u626b\u63cf\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u626b\u63cf\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u5f81\u56fa\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5f62\u8c8c\u3001\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5fae\u7c73\u7ea7\u522b\uff0cSEM\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u5fb7\u5e03\u7f57\u610f\u6ce2\u957f\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u3002\u5728SEM\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u975e\u5f39\u6027\u6563\u5c04\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9760\u8fd1\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u51e0\u7eb3\u7c73\u5230\u51e0\u5fae\u7c73\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u7535\u5b50\u3002\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u7535\u5b50\u88ab\u95ea\u70c1\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u548c\u6805\u683c\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u88ab\u91cd\u5851\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

5.4 <\/strong>\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u626b\u63cf\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u5f81\u8584\u5c42\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001\u7ed3\u6676\u6027\u3001\u76f8\u3001\u66b4\u9732\u6676\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u957f\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8eSEM\uff0cTEM\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u4f1a\u7a7f\u8fc7\u8f83\u8584\u7684\u6837\u54c1\uff0c\u6837\u54c1\u4e0a\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cSTEM\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5206\u6563\u539f\u5b50\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u6709\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>19 Au<\/strong>\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684<\/strong>TEM<\/strong>\u3001<\/strong>HRTEM<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong>SAED<\/strong>\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n

5.5 X<\/strong>\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784\u5149\u8c31<\/strong><\/p>\n

XAFS\u6216X\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\uff08XAS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3001\u975e\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u5149\u8c31\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u63a2\u6d4b\u6750\u6599\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c27\u5316\u6001\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u952e\u957f\u4ee5\u53ca\u539f\u5b50\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

5.6 X<\/strong>\u5c04\u7ebf\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u8c31<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6750\u6599\u66b4\u9732\u5728X\u5c04\u7ebf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0cXPS\u5149\u8c31\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u5185\u88ab\u63a2\u6d4b\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u80fd\u4e0e\u88ab\u63a2\u6d4b\u7535\u5b50\u6570\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u80fd\u5cf0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u6613\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u5cf0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u90fd\u5bf9\u5176\u539f\u5b50\u5185\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u7ec4\u6001\u5341\u5206\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u6750\u6599\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u3001\u8868\u9762\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u6001\u4ee5\u53ca\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

5.7 <\/strong>\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u975e\u7834\u574f\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u6750\u6599\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u3002\u5728\u8868\u5f81\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31\u4e5f\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u63ed\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5c42\u6570\u3001\u7ed3\u6676\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u7ed3\u6676\u76f8\u3001\u5e94\u53d8\u548c\u63ba\u6742\u6548\u5e94\u4ee5\u53ca\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u8033\u65af\u529b\u7b49\u6027\u8d28\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

6. \u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.1 <\/strong>\u7535\u5b50<\/strong>\/<\/strong>\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u548c\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u5982\u9a71\u52a8\u7535\u8def\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u6295\u6ce8\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7cbe\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u540e\uff0c\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u4e00\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u62e5\u6709\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eb3\u7c73\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u7535\u5b50\/\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4TMDs\u3001\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u9ed1\u78f7\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3001\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u516d\u65b9\u6c2e\u5316\u787c\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u3001\u8303\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c14\u65af\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>20 <\/strong>\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u53ca\u5176\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.2 <\/strong>\u7535\u50ac\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u7535\u5b50\u7279\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8d85\u9ad8\u7684\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u548c\u53ef\u8c03\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u5206\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u50ac\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6790\u6c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff08HER\uff09\u3001\u6790\u6c27\u53cd\u5e94\uff08OER\uff09\u3001\u6c27\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08ORR\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

6.3 <\/strong>\u7535\u6c60<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u53ef\u5145\u7535\u7535\u6c60\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e00\u6b21\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u6709\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u5f71\u54cd\u5c0f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u7535\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ef\u5145\u7535\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f9d\u7136\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u5176\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5bff\u547d\u3001\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5145\u7535\u901f\u7387\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u3001\u706b\u707e\u9690\u60a3\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u53ef\u5145\u7535\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53d1\u5c55\u5177\u6709\u65b0\u9896\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8868\u9762\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u5bf9\u53ef\u5145\u7535\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5bb9\u91cf\u662f\u77f3\u58a8\u7684\u8fd1\u4e24\u500d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684\u4e24\u9762\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u9886\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u6df1\u5165\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u6c60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u975e\u9502\u79bb\u5b50\u7535\u6c60\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>21 <\/strong>\u4ecb\u5b54\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7247\u7684<\/strong>TEM<\/strong>\u56fe\u7247\u53ca\u5176\u7535\u5b66\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.4 <\/strong>\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u6781\u5177\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5145\/\u653e\u7535\u901f\u7387\u3001\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5bff\u547d\u3001\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5374\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5e73\u8861\u5176\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8868\u9762\u7535\u8377\u5b58\u50a8\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5355\u5c42\u6216\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8d85\u8584\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u67d4\u6027\u8d85\u7ea7\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>22 <\/strong>\u5178\u578b\u80fd\u91cf\u50a8\u5b58\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u80fd\u91cf<\/strong>–<\/strong>\u529f\u7387\u6bd4\u8f83\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.5 <\/strong>\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u7531\u4e8e\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u6d88\u8017\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u5149\u4f0f\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u751f\u7535\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u548cTMDs\u7684\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b66\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u7ec4\u5206\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u5149\u4f0f\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

a. \u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u900f\u660e\u5bfc\u7535\u7535\u6781<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u76ee\u5171\u7779\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u900f\u660e\u6027\u548c\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6700\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u900f\u660e\u7535\u6781\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5bfc\u7535\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7535\u6781\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6c27\u5316\u94df\u9521\uff08ITO\uff09\u3001\u63ba\u6c1f\u6c27\u5316\u9521\uff08FTO\uff09\uff09\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5730\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u67d4\u6027\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d4\u6027\u5149\u4f0f\u5668\u4ef6\u662f\u5341\u5206\u5408\u9002\u7684\u3002\u5229\u7528CVD\u6216\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u900f\u660e\u7535\u6781\u3002CVD\u6cd5\u6709\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u751f\u957f\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6db2\u76f8\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u91cf\u4ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u7eaf\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u6742\u8d28\u63ba\u6742\u6216\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf8\u5982\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u3001\u5bfc\u7535\u805a\u5408\u7269\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u7b49\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u900f\u5149\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

b. \u4e8c\u7ef4<\/strong>TMD<\/strong>\u57fa\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u5668\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u5149\u4f0f\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u80fd\u9699\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5438\u6536\u7387\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5438\u6536\u5c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e0e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7535\u5b66\u7279\u6027\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4TMDs\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u6781\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u591a\u5f62\u4f53\u548c\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cTMDs\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u534a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6027\u53ca\u8d85\u5bfc\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5176\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5149\u4f0f\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\u95f4\u6216\u6d3b\u6027\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>23 MoS2<\/sub>\/p-Si<\/strong>\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.6 <\/strong>\u5149\u50ac\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u517c\u5177\u6709\u673a\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u6574\u6cbb\u548c\u6e05\u6d01\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u548c\u80fd\u6e90\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5149\u751f\u7535\u8377\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u8868\u9762\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u8868\u9762\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u548c\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8d85\u8584\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5757\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4e0e\u8d85\u8584\u7247\u539a\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u589e\u5927\u7684\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5149\u7684\u5438\u6536\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8868\u9762\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u7684\u66b4\u9732\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6781\u5927\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e86\u7535\u8377\u5728\u8868\u9762\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u8d85\u8584\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5f53\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7edd\u4f73\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3001\u4e8c\u7ef4\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u65cf\u5316\u7269\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u5149\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002<\/p>\n

6.7 <\/strong>\u4f20\u611f\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u3010\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u5c55\u671b\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6587\u672b\u8fd8\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5c55\u671b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u8fd8\u8fdc\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u7531\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u5176\u7ef4\u5ea6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u6210\u5206\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u5728\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5185\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u52a3\u52bf\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6750\u6599\u5236\u5907\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u548c\u4e0d\u8db3\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u901a\u529b\u5408\u4f5c\u6765\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong>Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials<\/a>\uff08Chem. Rev., 2017, DOI: 10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00558\uff09<\/p>\n

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