{"id":72291,"date":"2017-03-22T06:30:36","date_gmt":"2017-03-21T22:30:36","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=72291"},"modified":"2017-03-24T10:21:10","modified_gmt":"2017-03-24T02:21:10","slug":"science%e9%87%8d%e7%a3%85%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%95%e4%b8%80%e6%b0%a2%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e5%9c%a8%e9%93%81%e7%b4%a0%e4%bd%93%e6%b0%a2%e9%99%b7%e9%98%b1%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e5%b0%ba%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=72291","title":{"rendered":"Science\u91cd\u78c5\uff1a\u5355\u4e00\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u6c22\u9677\u9631\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u89c2\u5bdf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u5f15\u8a00\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u9020\u6210\u6750\u6599\u97e7\u5851\u6027\u5267\u70c8\u635f\u5931\u7684\u6548\u5e94\u79f0\u4e3a\u6c22\u8106\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u5185\u90e8\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u6269\u6563\u6c22\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6c22\u8106\u73b0\u8c61\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9ad8\u5f3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u5e26\u6765\u91cd\u5927\u635f\u5931\u548c\u707e\u96be\u3002 \u9884\u9632\u6c22\u8106\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4ece\u6e90\u5934\u4e0a\u7981\u6b62\u6c22\u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u5236\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u9000\u706b\u8131\u6c22\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u6c22\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u5982\u6291\u6c22\u6d82\u5c42\uff1b\uff083\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u6750\u6599\u6210\u5206\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5165\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6c22\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6269\u6563\u6c22\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6c22\u8106\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ece\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5e76\u8bc1\u660e\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u4fd8\u83b7\u53ef\u6269\u6563\u6c22\u7684\u6c22\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6297\u6c22\u8106\u654f\u611f\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6210\u679c\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u6765\u81ea\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u7684D. Haley\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09\u7b49<\/strong>\u5728Science<\/strong>\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u201cDirect observation of individual hydrogen atoms at trapping sites in a ferritic steel\u201d<\/strong>\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5fae\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u4e0e\u6c22\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6452\u9664\u4f20\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u548c\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u5bf9\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u91c7\u7528\u6c18\uff08D\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6c22\uff08H\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6c22\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f4e\u6e29\u4e0b\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee5\u6b64\u201c\u56fa\u5316\u201d\u6c22\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u501f\u52a9\u65b0\u578b\u539f\u5b50\u63a2\u9488\u5c42\u6790\u6280\u672f(APT) \uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u4e2d\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u548c\u5355\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u4e3b\u8981\u4fd8\u83b7\u4e8e\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u6838\u5fc3\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u5373\u8868\u660e\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u6c22\u7684\u6709\u6548\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6297\u6c22\u8106\u654f\u611f\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u56fe2. \u5f15\u5165\u6c22\u6e90\u201c\u6c18\u201d(D)\u540e\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2APT\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\uff08b\uff09H\/D\u8d28\u8c31\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe3. \u5145\u6c18\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u7684\u8054\u5408\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u3010\u5c0f\u7ed3\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u5f80\u5173\u4e8e\u6c22\u8106\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5bf9\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u91c7\u7528\u6c18\uff08D\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u540c\u4f4d\u7d20\u6c22\uff08H\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c22\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4e\u6e29\u4f20\u8f93\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u6c22\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u5e76\u501f\u52a9\u65b0\u578b\u539f\u5b50\u63a2\u9488\u5c42\u6790\u6280\u672f(APT) \uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u94a2\u4e2d\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u548c\u5355\u4e2a\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u94c1\u7d20\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u6c22\u7684\u9677\u9631\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6297\u6c22\u8106\u654f\u611f\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u4fd8\u83b7\u7684\u6c22\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u78b3\u5316\u7269\u9897\u7c92\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u5904\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521d\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6c22\u9677\u9631\uff08\u5982\u6676\u7c92\u548c\u6676\u754c\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u6750\u6599\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u954d\u57fa\u9ad8\u6e29\u5408\u91d1\u6750\u6599\u3001\u949b\u5408\u91d1\uff0c\u5965\u6c0f\u4f53\u94a2\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u6587\u732e\u4fe1\u606f\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/strong>Direct observation of individual hydrogen atoms at trapping sites in a ferritic steel<\/a> (Science, 2017, DOI: 10.1126\/science.aal2418)<\/p>\n

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