{"id":65301,"date":"2017-02-20T06:30:35","date_gmt":"2017-02-19T22:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=65301"},"modified":"2017-02-19T20:50:51","modified_gmt":"2017-02-19T12:50:51","slug":"%e5%ad%a6%e6%9c%af%e5%b9%b2%e8%b4%a7%e6%9c%80%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84%e8%b6%85%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e7%89%a9%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=65301","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u672f\u5e72\u8d27\u4e28\u6700\u5168\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"
1 \u5f15\u8a00<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u662f\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b66\u79d1[1]<\/sup>\uff0c\u5176\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u805a\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u5e94\u5e73\u8861\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62e5\u6709\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u65e0\u6cd5\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u805a\u5408\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n 2.1\u9a71\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u952e\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5916\u754c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u64a4\u56de\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u8d77\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u3002 2.1.1 \u591a\u91cd\u6c22\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6c22\u952e\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u8f83\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c22\u952e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u80fd\u591f\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002 2.1.2 \u03c0-\u03c0\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5728\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u5177\u6709\u82b3\u9999\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u03c0-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\uff0c\u56e0\u03c0-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\u4f53\u7cfb\u5206\u5b50\u95f4p\u8f68\u9053\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u968f\u7740p\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5171\u8f6d\u6548\u5e94\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8be5\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u529b\u4e0d\u5982\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u5f3a\u3002 2.1.3 \u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e<\/strong><\/p>\n \u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u65b9\u5411\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5236\u5907\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u4f5c\u7528\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6750\u6599\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002\u56fe3\u4e3a\u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u65ad\u952e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u914d\u4f53\u5782\u76f4\u4ea4\u9519\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n 2.1.4 \u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5927\u73af\u4e3b\u4f53\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6709\uff1a\u51a0\u919a\u3001\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u3001\u676f\u82b3\u70c3\u3001\u67f1\u82b3\u70c3\u4ee5\u53ca\u846b\u82a6\u8132\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n 2.2 \u63d0\u9ad8\u9a71\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u591a\u91cd\u7ed3\u5408\u914d\u5408\u3002\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u6c6a\u5cf0[<\/sup>3<\/sup>]<\/sup>\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u5982\u56fe4\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u65b0\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u954a\u5b50\u5f62\u4e3b\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u4e0e\u82b3\u73af\u7ed3\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u591a\u91cd\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u5934\u5c3e\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u827a\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u6709\u5f88\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\u5355\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9a71\u52a8\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u4f38\u5c55\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe4 \u591a\u91cd\u7ed3\u5408\u4f5c\u7528\u793a\u610f\u56fe[<\/sup>3<\/sup>]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n 2.3 \u51e0\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u5171\u540c\u9a71\u52a8\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u738b\u4e50\u52c7[4]<\/sup>\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u4fbf\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u201c\u6b63\u4ea4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e92\u76f8\u4e0d\u5e72\u6d89\u3002\u56fe5\u4e3a\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5236\u5907\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\uff0cG1\u7247\u6bb5\u4e24\u7aef\u7531\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u57fa\u56e2\u7ec4\u6210\uff0cH2\u7247\u6bb5\u4e00\u7aef\u4e3a\u51a0\u919a\u5927\u73af\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u57fa\u56e2\u5177\u6709\u56db\u91cd\u6c22\u952e\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6c22\u952e\u7ed3\u5408\u5f62\u6210\u4e8c\u805a\u4f53\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u5229\u7528\u51a0\u919a\u548cG1\u7247\u6bb5\u672b\u7aef\u57fa\u56e2\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u4e24\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e92\u76f8\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u5e72\u6d89\u3002<\/p>\n 3 \u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n 3.1 \u7ebf\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7ebf\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u94fe\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u53cc\u5b98\u80fd\u5ea6\u7684\u5355\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u94fe\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n 3.2 \u652f\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n 3.2.1\u661f\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5170\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u535c\u4f1f\u950b[5]<\/sup>\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u4ee5\u9759\u7535\u529b\u7ed3\u5408\u4e14\u5e26\u6709\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u7684Keplerate\u578b\u94bc\u6c27\u9178\u7c07\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6838\uff0c\u4ee5\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4e3a\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e24\u79cd\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u63a5\u5728\u591a\u9178\u7c07\u7684\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u661f\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u5982\u56fe6\u6240\u793a\u3002\u591a\u9178\u7c07\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ee51\u4ee3\u79f0\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e3b\u94fe\uff0c\u672b\u7aef\u7ea2\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u5e26\u6b63\u7535\u8377\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u591a\u9178\u7c07\u8868\u9762\u5728\u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7ec4\u88c5\u6210\u661f\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe6 \u661f\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe[5]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u5f81\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u5177\u6709\u661f\u578b\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56fe7\u4e2d\u4e3a\u8868\u5f81\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56fea\uff09\u662fBF-TEM\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u56feb\uff09\u662fHAADF-STEM\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u4e24\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5916\u8868\u4e3a\u7403\u5f62\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6838\u58f3\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e0e\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u671f\u671b\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe7 \u661f\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u8868\u5f81\u56fe[5]\u00a0<\/sup>a\uff09BF-TEM\u56fe\uff1bb\uff09HAADF-STEM\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n 3.2.2 \u8d85\u652f\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u6731\u65b0\u8fdc\u7b49[6]<\/sup>\u5236\u5907\u65b0\u578b\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4ee5\u4e09\u5b98\u80fd\u5ea6\u7684\u03b2-\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u548c\u4e8c\u5b98\u80fd\u5ea6\u7684\u5076\u6c2e\u82ef\u805a\u5408\u5f97\u5230A2<\/sub>-B3<\/sub>\u578b\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u5982\u56fe8\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7d2b\u5916\u5149\u7167\u80fd\u53ef\u9006\u89e3\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u03b2-\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u4e0e\u805a\u7518\u6cb9\u63a5\u679d\u5f97\u5230\u8d85\u652f\u5316\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u5982\u56fe9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u672b\u7aef\u7ecf\u8fc7\u91d1\u521a\u70f7\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u5341\u516b\u70f7\u7ebf\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e24\u4eb2\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u6c34\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u5b50\u80fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5f62\u6210\u5c0f\u56ca\u6ce1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u589e\u52a0\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u8be5\u5ba2\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5c0f\u56ca\u6ce1\u5206\u89e3\u3002\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e3a\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053[7]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n 3.2.3 \u4fa7\u94fe\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4fa7\u94fe\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u57fa\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e3b\u94fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5c06\u4fa7\u94fe\u63a5\u679d\u5230\u4e3b\u94fe\u4e0a\u3002\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u9648\u56fd\u9882[8]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u846b\u82a6\u8132[8]\u3001\u7d2b\u7cbe\u3001\u8418\u4e09\u5143\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4e3a\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u5c06\u4fee\u9970\u6709\u8418\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u4fa7\u94fe\u63a5\u679d\u5230\u4e3b\u94fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u652f\u5316\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u5982\u56fe10\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4fa7\u94fe\u63a5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u8be5\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3 \u4ea4\u8054<\/strong><\/p>\n \u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u9ece\u5360\u4ead\u548c\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u4e0a\u6d77\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8d75\u65b0[9]<\/sup>\u7b49\u4eba\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u65b0\u578b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6216\u4e09\u7ef4\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002\u7528\u7d2b\u7f57\u78b1\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5355\u5143\u4e8c\u805a\u4f53\u5355\u5143\u7ed3\u5408\u6210\u4e09\u89d2\u72b6\u521a\u6027\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\uff08SOF\uff09\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7ec4\u88c5\u4e4b\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u89c4\u6574\u7684\u521a\u6027\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6539\u53d8\u5355\u4f53\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u5ea6\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u4e09\u7ef4\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u56fe11\u662f\u7528\u846b\u82a6\u8132[8]\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n 4 \u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u9006\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u8c03\u63a7\u5355\u4f53\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u548c\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u5e73\u8861\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u7406\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u6280\u672f\u6240\u6768\u6e05\u6b63[<\/sup>10<\/sup>]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u5149\u654f\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u67f1\u82b3\u70c3\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u805a\u5408\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u987a\u53cd\u6784\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u56fe12\u4e3a\u987a\u53cd\u6784\u578b\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u6ce2\u957f\u4e3a360nm\u65f6\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u4e3a\u987a\u5f0f\u6784\u578b\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u53cd\u5f0f\u6784\u578b\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ea7\u7269\u624d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u5149\u6ce2\u957f\u4e3a387nm\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ea7\u7269\u5177\u6709\u53cd\u5f0f\u6784\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5f20\u5e0c[11]<\/sup>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u5206\u7c7b\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u56fe13\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4ee5NPN\u4e3a\u6784\u7b51\u57fa\u5143\uff0c\u4e24\u7aef\u7528\u8418\u57fa\u4fee\u9970\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4e3a\u82ef\u57fa\uff0c\u672b\u7aef\u57fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u846b\u82a6\u8132[8]\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u82ef\u57fa\u5219\u4e0e\u846b\u82a6\u8132[7]\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u589e\u52a0\u805a\u5408\u7269\u521a\u6027\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u846b\u82a6\u8132[7]\u548c\u846b\u82a6\u8132[8]\u6dfb\u52a0\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u67d4\u987a\u6027\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe13\u00a0\u81ea\u5206\u7c7b\u8bc6\u522b\u53ef\u63a7\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u793a\u610f\u56fe[11]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n 5 \u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u5171\u4ef7\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n 5.1 \u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u662f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5177\u6709\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u5149\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n 5.1.1 \u70ed\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n \u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u662f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u8d28[1]<\/sup>\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u53ef\u9006\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u8fbe\u5230\u4e34\u754c\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u800c\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u6216\u8005\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u8be5\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u989d\u5916\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u57fa\u56e2\u3002<\/p>\n 5.1.2 \u5149\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n \u534e\u4e1c\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u7530\u79be[12]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u9999\u8c46\u7d20\u884d\u751f\u7269\u548c\u03b3-\u73af\u7cca\u7cbe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u6ce2\u957f\u4e3a365nm\u7684\u5149\u7167\u4e0b\uff0c\u9999\u8c46\u7d20\u672b\u7aef\u57fa\u56e2\u76f8\u4e92\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c254nm\u4e0b\u4fbf\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u5982\u56fe14\uff0c\u56fe15\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0d\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe14 \u53cd\u5e94\u793a\u610f\u56fe[12]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n 5.1.3 \u7535\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n \u534e\u4e1c\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u7530\u79be[13]<\/sup>\u4ee54-\u78fa\u9178\u676f\u82b3\u70c3\u548c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7d2b\u7cbe\u4fee\u9970\u8fc7\u7684\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u80fa\u7684\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u5982\u56fe16\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d2b\u7cbe\u4f5c\u7528\u5149\u654f\u57fa\u56e2\u3002\u8d28\u5b50\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u7d2b\u7cbe\u88ab\u8fd8\u539f\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u4fbf\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5373\u56de\u5230\u53cd\u5e94\u524d\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u8005PH\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n 5.2 \u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u50ac\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4f5c\u4e3a\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5bf9\u5e95\u7269\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9ad8\uff0c\u56de\u6536\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e0d\u73af\u4fdd\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u800c\u8a00\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e95\u7269\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u8303\u56f4\u5bbd\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u56de\u6536\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u4e0a\u6d77\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e01\u594e\u5cad[14]<\/sup>\u5229\u7528\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4ee3\u66ff\u91d1\u5c5e\u6709\u673a\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4f5c\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u56fe17\u4e3a\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n 5.3 \u51dd\u80f6<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u51dd\u80f6\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u51dd\u80f6\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5206\u5b50\u94fe\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u8054\u4f5c\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u5305\u88f9\u6eb6\u5242\u5f62\u6210\u4e09\u7ef4\u7f51\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4ef7\u952e\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u65ad\u88c2\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u51dd\u80f6\u5feb\u901f\u81ea\u6211\u4fee\u590d\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u51dd\u80f6\u6240\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u534e\u4e1c\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6768\u6d77\u6ce2[15]<\/sup>\u7b49\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u4ee5\u5e26\u4e8c\u4ef7\u94c2\u7684\u6709\u673a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6742\u73af\u4e3a\u539f\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u4fa7\u94fe\u4e0a\u7528\u805a\u4e19\u57fa\u4e19\u70ef\u9170\u80fa\uff08PNIPAAM\uff09\u63a5\u679d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u661f\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u6eb6\u6db2\u5236\u5f97\u51dd\u80f6\u3002\u56fe18\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5c06\u4e24\u7ec4\u51dd\u80f6\u5207\u5361\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u76bf\u4e2d24\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u51dd\u80f6\u81ea\u6211\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n 6 \u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u8bf8\u591a\u4f18\u826f\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u666e\u901a\u805a\u5408\u7269\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u79cd\u7c7b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u62d3\u6251\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u53ef\u63a7\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u9006\u6027\u7b49\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u3002 \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n [1]\u5f90\u6c5f\u98de, \u5f20\u5e0c. \u4e2d\u56fd\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001[J]. \u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u5b66\u62a5, 2017(1):0-0. 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\n\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u9ec4\u98de\u9e64\u7b49[2]<\/sup>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u56fe1\u4ee52-\u8132\u57fa-4\u5627\u5576\u5206\u5b50\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u591a\u91cd\u6c22\u952e\u7684\u6210\u952e\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u56fe1 \u591a\u91cd\u6c22\u952e\u6210\u952e\u793a\u610f\u56fe[<\/sup>2<\/sup>]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe2\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u672b\u7aef\u57fa\u56e2\u5177\u6709\u82b3\u9999\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5355\u4f53\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4ee54\u7b80\u79f0\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u5e26\u6709\u82b3\u9999\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7531\u4e8e\u5171\u8f6d\u4f5c\u7528\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u6c22\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u7ed3\u5408\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\u56fe2 \u03c0-\u03c0\u5171\u8f6d\u4f5c\u7528\u5f62\u6210\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u793a\u610f\u56fe[2]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe3 \u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u952e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u610f\u56fe[2]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n\u56fe5 \u591a\u91cd\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u6b63\u4ea4\u7ec4\u88c5\u5236\u5907\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269[4]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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\n\u56fe8 \u8d85\u652f\u5316\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5408\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b[6]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe9 \u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u5c0f\u56ca\u6ce1\u7684\u5408\u6210\u793a\u610f\u56fe[7]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe10 \u4fa7\u94fe\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269[8]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe11 \u5177\u6709\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6709\u673a\u6846\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269[9]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe12 \u5149\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u987a\u53cd\u5f02\u6784\u7684\u5f71\u54cd[<\/sup>10<\/sup>]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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\n\u56fe15 \u4e0d\u540c\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c[12]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe16 \u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5408\u6210\u793a\u610f\u56fe[13]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe17 \u975e\u5747\u76f8\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u673a\u7406\u793a\u610f\u56fe[14]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u56fe18 \u51dd\u80f6\u81ea\u6211\u4fee\u590d a)\u81ea\u6211\u4fee\u590d\u539f\u7406\uff1bb)\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7167\u7247[15]<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u975e\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u9006\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5177\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u667a\u80fd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7528\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u611f\u5e94\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5c06\u5c11\u4e0d\u4e86\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
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