{"id":43069,"date":"2016-10-01T06:30:34","date_gmt":"2016-09-30T22:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=43069"},"modified":"2017-03-04T22:38:34","modified_gmt":"2017-03-04T14:38:34","slug":"nat-rev-mats-%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e5%9c%a8%e8%87%aa%e9%80%82%e5%ba%94%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e5%ad%a6%e5%92%8c%e5%85%89%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e5%ad%a6%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%8b%e7%94%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=43069","title":{"rendered":"Nat. Rev. Mater. \u738b\u4e2d\u6797\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u4e0e\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u5728\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u80cc\u666f\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

ZnO\u3001GaN\u7b49\u4f4e\u7ef4\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u5916\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5236\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67d4\u6027\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c06\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5e26\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u8bb8\u591a\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6027\u8d28\u5f15\u8d77\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u8fd9\u7ed9\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u673a\u68b0\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u63a7\u5236\u67d4\u6027\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u64cd\u7eb5\u7535\u8377\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u4f20\u5bfc\u3001\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u590d\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5317\u4eac\u7eb3\u7c73\u80fd\u6e90\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u738b\u4e2d\u6797\u9662\u58eb\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09\u7b49\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u987e\u9886\u57df\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\u6765\u589e\u8fdb\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u4e0e\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u63a8\u8fdb\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8d8b\u52bf\u505a\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u523a\u6fc0\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u5f02\u6784\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u5916\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e25\u91cd\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u673a\u68b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u538b\u7535\u6750\u6599\u5728\u673a\u68b0\u53d8\u5f62\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6781\u5316\uff0c\u6545\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u4f20\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u5757\u72b6\u4f53\u6216\u8005\u8584\u819c\u9676\u74f7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u538b\u7535\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u5bf9\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u7ef4\u7684\u7ea4\u950c\u77ff\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u522b\u539a\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u786b\u5316\u7269\uff08TMDCs\uff09\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f4e\u7ef4\u51e0\u4f55\u6784\u578b\u548c\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u5236\u4f5c\u51fa\u5728\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5e94\u53d8\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u5143\u5668\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5851\u6027\u53d8\u5f62\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f5-7\uff05\u7684\u5e94\u53d8\u3002\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u5c42\u7684MoS2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5fcd\u53d711\uff05\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u5e94\u53d8\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6750\u6599\u957f\u671f\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u7279\u6027\u548c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8026\u5408\u7279\u6027\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b0\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u7a7a\u524d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig1\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe1. \u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u7684\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/strong>\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u538b\u7535\u3001\u5149\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u8026\u5408\u662f\u538b\u7535\uff08\u538b\u7535\u2013\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8026\u5408\uff09\u3001\u538b\u5149\uff08\u538b\u7535-\u5149\u6fc0\u52b1\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\uff08\u538b\u7535-\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027-\u5149\u6fc0\u52b1\u8026\u5408\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

1 \u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7406\u89e3\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u754c\u9762\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u548c\u5149\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u80fd\u5e26\u7684\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26\u91cd\u53e0\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6392\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u90e8\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u8c03\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u9886\u57df\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5f00\u62d3\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1 \u4e00\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u538b\u7535\u8bbe\u5907\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u95e8\u201d\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u7740\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u538b\u7535\u8bbe\u5907\u88ab\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u538b\u7535\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7535\u6d41-\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u73b0\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u6781\u6027\u7684\u538b\u963b\u6548\u5e94\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u4e00\u7ef4\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u4f8b\u5982GaN\u7eb3\u7c73\u5e26\u548c\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u3001CdS\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u3001CdSe\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u3001InAs\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u4ee5\u53caInN\u7eb3\u7c73\u68d2\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599\uff08\u4f8b\u5982ZnSnO3\u83f1\u9762\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u548c\u95ea\u950c\u77ff\u578bCdTe\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\uff09\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7ea4\u950c\u77ff\u578b\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u5408\u91d1\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u5e38\u6570\u7684\u589e\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig2\"<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u7531\u7535\u8377\u7b5b\u9009\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5728\u5e94\u53d8\u4e0b\u5728\u5176\u8868\u9762\u6216\u8005\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u6750\u6599\u754c\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5269\u4f59\u6781\u5316\u3002\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u7ea7\u7684\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u6027–\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u52bf\u5792\u2014\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u548c\u7535\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2aP\u2014N\u7ed3\u548c\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u52bf\u5792\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u7684\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u7531\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u7684\u91cf\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7b5b\u51cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig3\"<\/p>\n

\u754c\u9762\u5f62\u53d8\u8bf1\u5bfc\u6781\u5316\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5236\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b83\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u6269\u6563\u4ee5\u53ca\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5185\u7f6e\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u8377\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u590d\u5408\u3002P\u2014N\u7ed3\u7684\u5149\u54cd\u5e94\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u5e26\u2011\u5230\u2011\u6ce2\u6bb5\u7684\u5149\u5438\u6536\u5185\u7535\u5b50\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5149\u751f\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u7a7a\u7a74\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5efa\u7535\u573a\u8017\u5c3d\u5c42\u5206\u522b\u4f20\u9012\u5230N\u2014\u578b\u548cP\u578b\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5149\u7535\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig4\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe2. \u5782\u76f4\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u9635\u5217\u96c6\u6210\u7528\u4e8e\u538b\u529b\u6210\u50cf\u3002<\/strong>\uff08a\uff09\u5782\u76f4\u538b\u7535\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u538b\u7535\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u9635\u5217\u88c5\u7f6e\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u9635\u5217\u4e2d\u67d0\u5355\u5143\u7684SEM\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\uff08C\uff09\u538b\u7535\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u9635\u5217\u5728\u67d4\u6027\u886c\u5e95\u4e0a\u7684\u7167\u7247\u3002\uff08d\uff09\u9635\u5217\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e94\u529b\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2\u00a0<\/strong>\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u589e\u5f3a\u7eb3\u7c73\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u52bf\u5792\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5bf9\u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u2011\u63a5\u89e6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5728\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u53d8\u2011\u8bf1\u5bfc\u6781\u5316\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u5236\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u52bf\u5792\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u754c\u9762\u80fd\u7ea7\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u68c0\u6d4b\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684ZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u5e94\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0bPH\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u6c14\u4f53\u79cd\u7c7b\u7b49\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u654f\u611f\u7684\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed3\u5408\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u548c\u67d4\u6027\u57fa\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5177\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig5\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe3. \u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u522b\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong>\u3002\uff08a\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u5355\u5c42MoS2\u7684\u67d4\u6027\u538b\u7535\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u8f74\u65b9\u5411\u5e94\u53d8\u4e0b\u5355\u5c42MoS2\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u538b\u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\uff08c\uff09\u63cf\u8ff0\u677fb\u4e2d\u538b\u7535\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u80fd\u5e26\u5206\u5e03\u56fe\u3002\u03d5d \u548c \u03d5s\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6f0f\u6781\u548c\u6e90\u6781\u63a5\u89e6\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u52bf\u5792\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u0395\u662f\u5e94\u53d8\uff0cEp\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u7535\u8377\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u52bf\u5792\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3 \u4e8c\u7ef4\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5355\u5c42MoS2\u3001MoSe2\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6TMDCs\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u88ab\u9884\u6d4b\u6709\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u6709\u53cd\u6f14\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002\u9ad8\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f972D TMDCs\u6210\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u673a\u7535\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8e\u7528\u5265\u79bb\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u751f\u957fMoS2\uff0cCVD\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u9664\u4e86TMDCs\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b832D\u5316\u5408\u7269\u6bd4\u5982IV\u65cfSnSe\u3001GeS \u548cSnS\uff0cIII\u65cfGaSe\u3001 GaS \u548c InSe\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269SnO2\u3001HfO2 \u548c MoO2\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u5bf92D\u539f\u5b50\u91cf\u7ea7\u539a\u5ea6\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6750\u6599\u5728\u538b\u7535\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1.4\u00a0<\/strong>\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7c73\u5355-\u6676\u4f53\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u56e0\u8584\u819c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8584\u819c\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u6709\u6548\u514b\u670d\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5c40\u9650\u7684\u9014\u5f84\uff1a\u5982\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u975e\u5747\u5300\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7b49\u6311\u6218\u30022013\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u7814\u7a76\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff0cZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u67f1\u72b6\u6676\u4e2d\u6781\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u7684\u6392\u5217\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u591a\u6676\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\u538b\u7535\u548c\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u8026\u5408\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0cZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u8584\u819c\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u4e0e\u5728\u611f\u6e29\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

1.5\u00a0<\/strong>\u538b\u7535\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u538b\u7535\u6027\u57fa\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u534a\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u538b\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u4e2d\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u548c\u7535\u8377\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u8026\u5408\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u538b\u7535\u6781\u5316\u7535\u8377\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e26\u8fb9\u504f\u79fb\u3002\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u538b\u7535\u7406\u8bba\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u627e\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\uff1a \u5728\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u4e2d\u5c06Ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6cdb\u51fd\u8003\u8651\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u5e38\u6570\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u4e0e\u5206\u5b50\u6a21\u578b\u800c\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f88\u5c11\u5f3a\u8c03\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e0e\u7535\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u7684\u8026\u5408\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u6709\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u538b\u7535\u6027\u8d28\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u3002<\/p>\n

2 <\/strong>\u538b\u7535<\/strong>\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5149\u7535\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u504f\u7f6e\u9759\u7535\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8010\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4eba\u673a\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u8981\u5728\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5149\u7535\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u8026\u5408\u4e86\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7535\u8377\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee5\u53ca\u5149\u5b66\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u538b\u7535\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u4e3a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9014\u5f84—\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u6548\u5e94—\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u8282\u5149\u751f\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u7684\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

2.1\u00a0<\/strong>\u538b\u7535<\/strong>\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6e90\u5149\u7535\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5e94\u53d8\u2011\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u754c\u9762\u6781\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6—\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50—\u4e0e\u7535\u5b66\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u5149\u7535\u5668\u4ef6\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u57282010\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u62a5\u9053\u8026\u5408\u4e86\u538b\u7535\u6027\u548c\u5149\u81f4\u6fc0\u53d1\u6027\u8d28\u7684ZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u540e\u53c8\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5668\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d4\u6027LED\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5bf9ZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u5176\u538b\u7535\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u4eca\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u52a0\u5f3a\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig6\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe4. \u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50LED\u9635\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u538b\u529b\u6210\u50cf\u3002<\/strong>\uff08a\uff09\u7531ZnO\u8584\u819c–Si\u5fae\u67f1\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u53d1\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1(LED)\u9635\u5217\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u4e0b\u5149\u53d1\u5c04\u589e\u5f3a\u3002(C)ZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\/P-\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53d1\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u9635\u5217\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\uff08d\uff09 \u88c5\u7f6e\u5728\u538b\u529b\u4e3a80MPa\u4e0b\u7684\u7535\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u03b5<\/em>\uff0c\u62c9\u4f38\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 \u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535<\/strong>\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5728\u56e0\u4e3a\u5149\u5b50\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u5b50-\u7a7a\u7a74\u5bf9\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u5219\u662f\u7531\u4e8ep-n\u7ed3\u6216\u8005\u8096\u7279\u57fa\u7f3a\u9677\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e94\u7528\u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8p-n\u5f02\u8d28\u7ed3\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u79cdn\u578bZnO\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\/p\u578bNiO\u5149\u7535\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u5177\u6709\u5e94\u529b-\u5149\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

\"fig7\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe5. \u538b\u7535\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u53d1\u5149\u5668\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u4f20\u611f\u3002<\/strong>\uff08a\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\u5916\u529b\u4e0b\u591a\u91cf\u5b50\u9631\u9635\u5217\u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u3002\uff08b\uff09\u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u538b\u5e94\u529b\u51fd\u6570(\u03c3<\/em>s)\u3002\uff08c\uff09\u67d0\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7531\u4e8e\u538b\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u529b\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u673a\u7406\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u9530\u63ba\u6742\u7684ZnS\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7684\u4f20\u611f\u5668\uff09\u3002\uff08d\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\u5199\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u65bd\u52a0\u529b\u7684\u538b\u7535\u53d1\u5149\u5668\u4ef6\u3002a.u. \u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4f4d\u3002CB, \u5bfc\u5e26\u3002PL, \u5149\u81f4\u53d1\u5149\u3002VB, \u4ef7\u5e26\u3002E<\/em>piezo\uff0c\u538b\u7535\u7535\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3\u00a0<\/strong>\u53d1\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u538b\u7535<\/strong>\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u5b66<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\"fig8\"<\/p>\n

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\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

3 <\/strong>\u5c55\u671b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u3010\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\u3011<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6e29\u99a8\u63d0\u793a\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u6240\u7528\u56fe\u7247\u5177\u4f53\u51fa\u5904\u8be6\u89c1\u7efc\u8ff0\u539f\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aPiezotronics and piezo-phototronics for adaptive electronics and optoelectronic<\/a>\uff08Nat. Rev. Mater. , 2016, DOI:10.1038\/natrevmats.2016.31\uff09\uff08\u6587\u732e\u5168\u6587PDF\u5df2\u6709\u7f51\u53cb\u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u8bba\u575b<\/a>\u548c\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u8d44\u6e90\u5171\u4eab\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4 425218085\uff09<\/p>\n

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