{"id":34384,"date":"2016-08-17T20:00:10","date_gmt":"2016-08-17T12:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=34384"},"modified":"2016-08-17T21:45:30","modified_gmt":"2016-08-17T13:45:30","slug":"nature-mater-%e6%9d%a8%e5%9f%b9%e4%b8%9c%e8%af%be%e9%a2%98%e7%bb%84%e9%98%90%e8%bf%b0pt-ni%e7%ba%b3%e7%b1%b3%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e7%9a%84%e6%9d%a5%e9%be%99%e5%8e%bb%e8%84%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=34384","title":{"rendered":"Nature Mater. \u6768\u57f9\u4e1c\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u9610\u8ff0Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u80cc\u666f\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b9d\u5b9d\u4eec\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u6768\u57f9\u4e1c\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec42014\u5e74\u5728science1<\/sup>\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\uff08nanoframe\uff09\u5417\uff1fPt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u5236\u5f97\u7684\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u6c27\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08ORR\uff09\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6bd4\u6d3b\u6027\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5546\u7528Pt\/C\u768436\u500d\u53ca22\u500d\uff0c\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u65e0\u7591\u4e0e\u5176\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4e09\u7ef4\u6846\u67b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\u3001\u5bccPt\u7684\u8868\u9762\uff082L\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f15\u5165\u79bb\u5b50\u6db2\u4f53\u589e\u52a0\u6eb6\u89e3O2<\/sub>\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u770b\u6765Pt-Ni\u53cc\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5236\u5907\u5df2\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u65b0\u95fb\uff0c\u4f46Pt\u539f\u5b50\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u4e2d\u504f\u6790\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u751f\u957f\u673a\u7406\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u6709\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u65f6\u9694\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u6768\u57f9\u4e1c\u6559\u6388\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4(http:\/\/nanowires.berkeley.edu\/)\u5229\u7528\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08L<\/strong>awrence B<\/strong>erkeley N<\/strong>ational L<\/strong>aboratory\uff09\u540c\u6b65\u8f90\u5c04\u5148\u8fdb\u5149\u6e90\uff08A<\/strong>dvanced L<\/strong>ight S<\/strong>ource\uff09\u5f97\u5230Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6269\u5c55X\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784\uff08EXAFS\uff09\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408X\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u53caX\u5c04\u7ebf\u5149\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u8c31\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5728nature\u5b50\u520a\u4e0a\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u6587\u5bfc\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u51cf\u7f13\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06Pt-Ni\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7528\u7535\u955c\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u5982\u56fe1\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72471\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>1<\/strong> Pt-Ni\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002a-c: \u751f\u957f\u6db2\u989c\u8272\u4ece\u7eff-\u9ec4-\u68d5\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u56fe\u7247\uff1bd-f:\u4e0e\u4f4e\u500d\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7535\u955c\u56fe\u7247\uff1bb\u53f3\u56fe\u4e3ab\u56fe\u6697\u573a\u548c\u80fd\u8c31\u56fe\u7247\uff08\u7eff\u8272\u662fPt\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u662fNi\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6807\u5c3a2 nm\uff09\uff1bd\u53f3\u56fe\uff0ce\u548cf\u63d2\u56fe\u5747\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u900f\u5c04\u56fe\u7684\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72472\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>2<\/strong> \u751f\u957f\u6db2\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u9ec4\u8272\u65f6\u7684\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7535\u955c\u7167\u7247\u3002a, c\u63d2\u56fe\u53cab\u53f3\u56fe\u5747\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u56fe1b\u80fd\u8c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5916\u56f4\u679d\u72b6\u5747\u662f\u5bccPt\u76f8\uff0c\u56fe1e\u548c\u56fe2\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6676\u79cd\u4e2d\u679d\u72b6\u5bccPt\u76f8\u6cbf<111>\u548c<200>\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u679d\u72b6\u5e95\u90e8\u68af\u7ea7\u4f4d\u70b9\uff08step sites\uff09\uff08\u56fe2b, c\uff09\u52a0\u901f\u5bccNi\u76f8\u8fd8\u539f\u5e76\u6c89\u79ef\u76f4\u81f3\u586b\u5145\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u5b8c\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe3\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u900f\u5c04\u56fe\uff0cNi\u88ab\u523b\u8680\u540e\uff0c\u5341\u56db\u7eb3\u7c73\u67f1\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff083 min\uff09\u548c\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0810 min\uff09\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72473\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>3<\/strong> \u751f\u957f\u6db2\u989c\u8272\u53d8\u9ed1\u540e\u7684\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u56fe\u3002a-c\u5206\u522b\u662f3 min\uff0c10 min\u548c30 min\u7684\u7535\u955c\u56fe\uff1bd-f\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u523b\u8680\u6389Ni\u7684\u7535\u955c\u56fe\uff1b\u63d2\u56fe\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe4\u662f\u53cd\u5e943 min\u540e\u523b\u8680Ni\u540e\u7684\u7535\u955c\u7167\u7247\u3002\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5e76\u914d\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5341\u56db\u67f1\u72b6\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u56fe1\u548c\u56fe2\u76f8\u5370\u8bc1\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5373\u5bccPt\u76f8\u6cbf<111>\u548c<200>\u751f\u957f\u3002\u4ece\u56fe4g\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5341\u56db\u67f1\u72b6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u5404\u6676\u9762\u9876\u70b9\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8fde\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72474\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>4<\/strong> \u9ed1\u8272\u53cd\u5e94\u6db23 min\u540e\u523b\u8680\u6389Ni\u7684\u7535\u955c\u7167\u7247\u3002Aa-c: \u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u7684\u5341\u56db\u67f1\u72b6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\uff1bd: \u5341\u56db\u67f1\u72b6\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u56fe\u7247\uff1be\u548cf:\u5bf9\u5e94d\u4e2d\u6807\u8bb0\u5904\u7684\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u56fe\uff1bg:\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u957f\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6697\u573a\u548c\u80fd\u8c31\u56fe\u7247\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6cbf[111]\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff1aNi\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u4e2d\uff1bPt\u5206\u5e03\u4e8e\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u548c\u8fb9\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72475\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>5<\/strong> \u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u523b\u8680Ni\u524d\u540e\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u5176\u6697\u573a\u53ca\u80fd\u8c31\u56fe\u7247\u3002a-c\u523b\u8680\u524d\uff1bd-f\u523b\u8680\u540e\uff08a,d:3 min; b,e:10 min; c,f:30 min\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe6a\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5X\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u56fe\uff08XRD\uff09\uff0cRD-3\u548cRD-10\u8c31\u56fe\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0eRD-30\u6709\u660e\u663e\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f4e\u89d2\u5ea6\u884d\u5c04\u5cf0\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u957f\u51fa\u73b0\u88c2\u5cf0\uff0cPt\uff08111\uff09\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86Pt\u7684\u504f\u6790\uff1b\u4f46\u523b\u8680\u540e\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u8c31\u56fe\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u7ec4\u5206\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56fe6b\u662f\u6269\u5c55X\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784(EXAFS)\u8c31\uff0cRD-3\u548cRD10\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u8c31\u56fe\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u8fd1\u4e4e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u5206\uff0c\u4f46RD-30\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u58f3\u5c42Ni\u7684K\u8fb9\u548cPt\u7684L3\u8fb9\u7684EXAFS\u8c31\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5747\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4e86Pt\u7684\u76f8\u504f\u6790\u548c\u5bcc\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72476\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>6<\/strong> Pt-Ni\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684XRD\u8c31\u548cEXAFS\u8c31\u3002a:\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684XRD\u56fe\u8c31\uff1bb: \u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u5f97\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7ed3\u6784EXAFS\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe7\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u524d\u8ff0\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bccPt\u76f8\u8d77\u521d\u6cbf<111>\u548c<200>\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u662fPt\u6cbf\u7740\u5341\u56db\u67f1\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8f74\u504f\u6790\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0cNi\u5219\u6c89\u79ef\u5728\u4f4e\u914d\u4f4d\u7684\u68af\u7ea7\u9762\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6269\u5c55\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u3002\u968f\u7740\u523b\u8680\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5bccPt\u76f8\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u4e2a\u8fb9\u53ca\u5176\u9876\u70b9\u5904\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u4e86Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u72477\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/strong>7<\/strong> Pt-Ni\u83f1\u5f62\u5341\u4e8c\u9762\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n

\u5c55\u671b\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u501f\u52a9\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Pt-Ni\u7eb3\u7c73\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3002Pt\u7684\u5404\u5411\u5f02\u6027\u504f\u6790\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u673a\u7406\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u5206\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u601d\u8def\u548c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5c06\u91d1\u5c5e\u5728\u50ac\u5316\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53c8\u5411\u524d\u63a8\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65\uff01<\/p>\n

\u539f\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aAnisotropic phase segregation and migration of Pt in nanocrystals en route to nanoframe catalysts<\/a> \uff08Nat. Mater., 2016, DOI: DOI: 10.1038\/NMAT4724\uff09<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1.Chen C, Kang Y, Huo Z, Zhu Z, Huang W, Xin HL, et al.<\/em> Highly crystalline multimetallic nanoframes with three-dimensional electrocatalytic surfaces. Science<\/em> 2014, 343<\/strong>(6177):<\/strong> 1339-1343.<\/p>\n

2.Niu Z, Becknell N, Yu Y, Kim D, Chen C, Kornienko N, et al.<\/em> Anisotropic phase segregation and migration of Pt in nanocrystals en route to nanoframe catalysts. Nature materials<\/em> 2016, DOI: DOI: 10.1038\/NMAT4724<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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