{"id":254889,"date":"2023-10-06T08:47:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T00:47:23","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=254889"},"modified":"2023-10-06T08:47:23","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T00:47:23","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0science%e5%8d%95%e6%99%b6%e9%87%91%e5%88%9a%e7%9f%b3%e4%b8%ad%e8%b7%a8%e9%9f%b3%e9%80%9f%e4%bd%8d%e9%94%99%e8%bf%90%e5%8a%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=254889","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u65b0Science:\u5355\u6676\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u4e2d\u8de8\u97f3\u901f\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u3010\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u5916\u90e8\u5e94\u529b\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6750\u6599\u5185\u90e8\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u5f62\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5f53\u97e7\u6027\u6750\u6599\u53d7\u5230\u5e94\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u6750\u6599\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4f4d\u9519\u4f1a\u79fb\u52a8\u4ee5\u5c40\u90e8\u9002\u5e94\u8be5\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5851\u6027\u3002\u8106\u6027\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u8106\u6027\u6750\u6599\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6781\u7aef\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5ef6\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u51b2\u51fb\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9ad8\u5e94\u53d8\u7387\u53d8\u5f62\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f4d\u9519\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7684\u5851\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236\u6709\u65f6\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u54cd\u5e94\u5916\u90e8\u5e94\u529b\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u53d8\u901f\u7387\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u901f\u7387\u654f\u611f\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u6700\u9ad8\u5e94\u53d8\u901f\u7387\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f4d\u9519\u5728\u53d8\u5f62\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ee5\u63a5\u8fd1\u6750\u6599\u58f0\u901f\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8de8\u97f3\u901f\u6216\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d,\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6700\u6162\u7684\u6781\u9650\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u52a8\u529b\u5b66(MD)\u6a21\u62df\u7814\u7a76\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u8de8\u97f3\u901f\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u97f3\u901f\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u6781\u9650\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5982\u6b64\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u4f4d\u9519\u5bf9MD\u6a21\u62df\u6765\u8bf4\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fd8\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f4d\u9519\u901a\u8fc7\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u53d8\u7387&gt;10<sup>7<\/sup> s<sup>\u22121<\/sup>\u65f6\uff0c\u6fc0\u6ce2\u538b\u7f29\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u901f\u4f4d\u9519\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6fc0\u6ce2\u524d\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0d\u8fde\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6bd4\u6781\u9650\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u4f4d\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u3010\u6210\u679c\u63a0\u5f71\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7ebf\u7f3a\u9677(\u4f4d\u9519)\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u5df2\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u4e8660\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u5c1a\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u6a21\u62df\u9884\u6d4b\u5728\u8de8\u58f0\u901f\u548c\u4e9a\u58f0\u901f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6781\u9650\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f4d\u9519\u901a\u8fc7\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u540c\u6b65\u8f90\u5c04\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u3001SLAC\u56fd\u5bb6\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<strong>Kento Katagiri<\/strong><strong>\u56e2\u961f<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u98de\u79d2X\u5c04\u7ebf\u6444\u5f71\u6280\u672f\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u51b2\u51fb\u538b\u7f29\u5355\u6676\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u4e2d\u7684\u8d85\u5feb\u4f4d\u9519\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u53e0\u52a0\u65ad\u5c42\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u6700\u6162\u7684\u58f0\u6ce2\u901f\u5ea6\u8fd8\u8981\u5feb\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5176\u524d\u7f18\u90e8\u5206\u4f4d\u9519\u8de8\u58f0\u901f\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u4f4d\u9519\u8fc1\u79fb\u7387\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u5bf9\u4e8e\u51c6\u786e\u5efa\u6a21\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6781\u7aef\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6750\u6599\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4ee5\u201c<strong>Transonic dislocation propagation in diamond<\/strong>\u201d\u4e3a\u9898\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8457\u540d\u671f\u520a<strong><em>Science<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em>\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u3010\u6838\u5fc3\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u6b21\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f4d\u9519\u901a\u8fc7\u6750\u6599\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u98de\u79d2X\u5c04\u7ebf\u6444\u5f71\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u4f4d\u9519\u5728\u5355\u6676\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u4e2d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u58f0\u6ce2\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u3010\u6570\u636e\u6982\u89c8\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-254890\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3521\" height=\"1151\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f1.jpg 3521w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f1-300x98.jpg 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f1-768x251.jpg 768w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f1-1024x335.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3521px) 100vw, 3521px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u56fe1\u53d7\u6fc0\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u7684\u98de\u79d2x\u5c04\u7ebf\u6444\u5f71\u00a9 2023 AAAS<\/p>\n<p>(A)\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u6837\u54c1\u53d7\u5230\u5149\u5b66\u6fc0\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u6ce2\u7684\u5e94\u529b\u3002\u539f\u4f4dx\u5c04\u7ebf\u6210\u50cf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u98de\u79d2XFEL\u8109\u51b2\uff0c\u5782\u76f4\u4e8e\u51b2\u51fb\u6ce2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8f74\u7167\u5c04\u6837\u54c1\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u6c1f\u5316\u9502(LiF)\u6676\u4f53\u653e\u7f6e\u5728XFEL\u4e0b\u6e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u900f\u5c04x\u5c04\u7ebf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002(B)\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528LiF\u6676\u4f53\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u6cbf\u51b2\u51fb\u65b9\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5f39\u5851\u6027\u51b2\u51fb\u6ce2\u524d\u3002\u5728\u5851\u6027\u6ce2\u524d\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u5c42\u9519\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u6697\u5e26\u548c\u4eae\u5e26\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5851\u6027\u6fc0\u6ce2\u524d\u4e00\u8d77\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4f4d\u9519(\u54c1\u7ea2\u8272\u7bad\u5934)\u3002\u9ec4\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5f15\u5bfc\u773c\u775b\u770b\u5230\u8f90\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-254891\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2803\" height=\"3070\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f2.jpg 2803w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f2-274x300.jpg 274w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f2-768x841.jpg 768w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/science.adh5563-f2-935x1024.jpg 935w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2803px) 100vw, 2803px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u56fe2\u5806\u53e0\u5c42\u9519\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u00a9 2023 AAAS<\/p>\n<p>(A)\u94bb\u77f3\u6cbf[100]\u65b9\u5411\u9707\u8361\u7684x\u5c04\u7ebf\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9a71\u52a8\u6fc0\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u7684XFEL\u63a2\u9488\u5b9a\u65f6\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u7ebf\u662f\u94bb\u77f3\u672a\u629b\u5149\u4fa7\u9762\u7684\u7eb9\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u540c\u5fc3\u5706\u6563\u5c04\u56fe\u6848\u7684\u5927\u5706\u662f\u7531XFEL\u4e0a\u6e38\u94cd\u7a97\u4e0a\u7684\u788e\u7247\u6563\u5c04\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002(B)\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u5e73\u9762\u53d6\u5411\u7684\u672a\u53d8\u5f62\u7684\u91d1\u521a\u77f3\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002(C)\u5feb\u901f\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362(FFT)\u6ee4\u6ce2\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u572816ns\u955c\u5934\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u53e0\u52a0\u5c42\u9519\u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u533a\u57df\u7528(A)\u4e2d\u7684\u9ec4\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u3002\u6a59\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u5bfc\u773c\u775b\u6307\u5411\u4e0e\u83f1\u5f62{111}\u5e73\u9762\u4e0d\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u6761\u5e26\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002(D)\u94bb\u77f3\u6cbf[110]\u65b9\u5411\u53d7\u5230\u51b2\u51fb\u65f6\u7684x\u5c04\u7ebf\u6444\u5f71\u56fe\u50cf\u300212ns\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0e\u56fe1B\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002(E)\u663e\u793a\u5e73\u9762\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u672a\u53d8\u5f62\u6676\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002(F) 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