{"id":254836,"date":"2023-10-03T09:09:53","date_gmt":"2023-10-03T01:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=254836"},"modified":"2023-10-03T09:09:53","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T01:09:53","slug":"2023%e5%b9%b4%e8%af%ba%e8%b4%9d%e5%b0%94%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ad%a6%e5%a5%96%e6%98%af%e4%bb%96-%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=254836","title":{"rendered":"2023\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u662f\u4ed6 \u5417\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u5bfc\u8bfb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2023\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5373\u5c06\u63ed\u6653\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u79bb\u5f00\u5956\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6709\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7269\u7406\u6742\u5fd7<em>Physics World<\/em>\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86\u4eca\u5e74\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u9886\u57df\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u540d\u5355\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u8fd9\u7bc7\u9884\u6d4b\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u65e0\u804a\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u770b\u4f3c\u65e0\u804a\uff0c\u4f46\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u5404\u81ea\u9886\u57df\u5185\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u6210\u679c\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e7\u6709\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001<\/strong> <strong>\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u83b7\u5956\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c<em>Physics World<\/em>\u66fe\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u9884\u6d4b\u4e862013\u5e74\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u5f17\u6717\u7d22\u74e6\u00b7\u6069\u683c\u52d2\u548c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u6838\u5b50\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5bf9\u5e0c\u683c\u65af\u73bb\u8272\u5b50\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89c2\u6d4b\u6240\u81f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u9881\u53d1\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u610f\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u8be5\u6742\u5fd7\u66fe\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u5019\u9009\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u83b7\u5956\u4e86\u30022022 \u5e74\u7684\u5956\u9879\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e09\u4f4d\u83b7\u80dc\u8005\u65e9\u5728 2013 \u5e74\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u540d\u5355\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u505a\u51fa\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u771f\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5e74\uff0c<em>Physics World<\/em>\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u4eec\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u6c34\u6676\u7403\uff0c\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\u6309\u5b66\u79d1\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u5386\u5e74\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff08<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>1<\/strong>\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5956\u9879\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8be5\u5956\u9879\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u5ba1\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u671f\u4e3a 50 \u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u524d\u662f\u5426\u4f9d\u65e7\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u5219\u9881\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-254839\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"621\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72471.jpg 454w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72471-219x300.jpg 219w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>1<\/strong> \u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5b66\u79d1\u5206\u5e03\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\uff08credit:Hamish Johnston\/IOP Publishing\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\u4e2d\u8df3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u516d\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5956\u9879\u9881\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ece\u4e8b\u5929<strong>\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66<\/strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ed9\u4eba\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5370\u8c61\u662f 2023 \u5e74\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u4e0e\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u97e6\u4f2f\u592a\u7a7a\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5956\u9879\u3002\u00a0\u00a0 \u53bb\u5e74\u7684\u5956\u9879\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9884\u6d4b\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5956\u9879\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u611a\u8822\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u7a81\u98de\u731b\u8fdb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u53d1\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5956\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f<strong>Ignacio Cirac, David Deutsch, Peter Shor <\/strong><strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/strong><strong>Peter Zoller<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u66fe\u83b7\u5f97\u4e862018\u5e74\u5ea6 \u7684\u201c\u58a8\u5b50\u91cf\u5b50\u5956\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u671f\u5f85\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u5956\u5c06\u9881\u7ed9<strong>Yakir Aharonov<\/strong> \u548c<strong>Michael Berry<\/strong>\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u91cf\u5b50\u7406\u8bba\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e4\u602a\u800c\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f<strong>Aharonov\u2013Bohm<\/strong><strong>\u6548\u5e94<\/strong>\u548c<strong>Berry<\/strong><strong>\u76f8<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u56fe\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u81ea 2016 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u4e45\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u4e86\uff0c\u800c 2018 \u5e74\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u9886\u57df\u83b7\u5f97\u5956\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 2023 \u5e74\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7ed9\u4e88\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c <strong>Federico Capasso<\/strong>\u5bf9\u5149\u5b50\u5b66\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eca\u5e74\u4e5f\u8363\u83b7\u4e86\u5f15\u6587\u6842\u51a0\u5956\uff1b<strong>Lena Hau<\/strong>\u7684\u6162\u5149\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b <strong>Pablo Jarillo-Herrero<\/strong>\u5728\u626d\u8f6c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bfb\u627e\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u6f5c\u5728\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u67e5\u9605\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u540d\u5355\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u83b7\u5956\u8005\u662f<strong>Paul Corkum<\/strong>\u3001<strong>Ferenc Krausz<\/strong>\u548c<strong>Anne L&#8217;Huillier<\/strong>\uff0c\u8868\u5f70\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8d85\u5feb\u6fc0\u5149\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u963f\u79d2\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u975e\u5e38\u7b26\u5408\u5bf9\u5149\u5b66\u5956\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-254840\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72472-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72472-1.png 692w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72472-1-300x139.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>2<\/strong> 2022\u5e74\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u8bfa\u5956\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9884\u6d4b\u540d\u5355\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u201c\u575a\u4fe1\u201d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e86\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMichael Berry\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5386\u5e74\u9884\u6d4b\u540d\u5355\u7684\u53d8\u4e0e\u4e0d\u53d8\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u5bf9\u5404\u81ea\u9886\u57df\u5185\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u83b7\u4e0e\u4e0d\u83b7\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u5176\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5e78\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9886\u57df\u5916\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5b66\u79d1\u4ea4\u53c9\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u624d\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u5f71\u54cd\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u76f8\u5173\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u51dd\u805a\u6001\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u5149\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4eca\u5e74\u6709\u6750\u6599\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u83b7\u5956\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u5916\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u5411\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u660e\u5e74\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5982\u679c\u626d\u8f6c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u518d\u6b21\u83b7\u5956\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf2020\u5e74\u7684\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u5956\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e09\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-254841\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72473-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"692\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72473-1.png 692w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/\u56fe\u72473-1-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 692px) 100vw, 692px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>3<\/strong> 2020\u5e74\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005<\/p>\n<p>\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u8e0a\u8dc3\u7ade\u731c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u662f\u65e0\u5956\u7ade\u731c\u54df\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5bfc\u8bfb 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