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2015\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b87\u822a\u5458Scott Kelly\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u8fdb\u884c\u8231\u5916\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u62cd\u4e0b\u4e86<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>1<\/strong>\u8fd9\u5f20\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u5176\u516b\u4e2a35\u7c73\u957f\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u5e06\u677f\u76f8\u6bd4\u76f8\u5f62\u89c1\u7ecc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e06\u677f\u5305\u542b\u5927\u7ea6 33000\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u7ea6\u4e3a14%\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0cNASA\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u592a\u7a7a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u65e9\u57281989\u5e74\uff0cNASA\u540cPowerFilm\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u524d\u8eabIowa Thin Film Technologies\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7814\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u8584\u5982\u7eb8\u5f20\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u53ef\u5377\u8d77\u6765\u50a8\u5b58\u7684\u67d4\u6027\u57fa\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8690%\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-242867\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image001.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1041\" height=\"693\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image001.png 1041w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image001-300x200.png 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image001-768x511.png 768w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image001-1024x682.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe1<\/strong> \u7f8e\u56fd\u5b87\u822a\u5458Scott Kelly\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u5916\u5de5\u4f5c<em> credit: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u822a\u7a7a\u5668\u7684\u98de\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdc\u79bb\u592a\u9633\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u9633\u5149\u8870\u51cf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u5757 1 m<sup>2<\/sup>\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5730\u7403\u9644\u8fd1\u4ea7\u751f\u7ea6 400 W\u7684\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5927 2000 \u500d\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u51a5\u738b\u661f\u9644\u8fd1\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u7387 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<strong>\u592a\u7a7a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd<\/strong>\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u91c7\u7528\u7684<strong>\u7845\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>NASA \u53ca\u5176\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u201c\u6bef\u5b50\u201d\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6bef\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u624b\u98ce\u7434\u4e00\u6837\u6298\u53e0\u8d77\u6765\u8fd0\u9001\u5230\u592a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u8f68\u9053\u540e\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u53d1\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u6bef\u5b50\u5c55\u5f00\u5230\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3002\u4e07\u5411\u8282\u7528\u4e8e\u65cb\u8f6c\u9635\u5217\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u9762\u5411\u592a\u9633\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u5927\u529f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u5bff\u547d\u4e3a 15 \u5e74\uff0c\u81ea2000\u5e7412\u6708\u90e8\u7f72\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bf9\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6301\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e 2006 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u30012007 \u5e74 6 \u6708\u548c2009 \u5e74 3 \u6708\u4ea4\u4ed8\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bf9\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u73b0\u5df2\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9b\u6301\u7eed\u7535\u529b20 \u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u8870\u51cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fddNASA \u672a\u6765\u6267\u884c Artemis\uff08\u963f\u5c14\u5fd2\u5f25\u65af\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u7535\u529b\u4f9b\u5e94\uff0cNASA \u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u7684\u516b\u4e2a\u73b0\u6709\u7535\u6e90\u901a\u9053\u4e2d\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\uff08<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>2<\/strong>\uff09\u3002\u6ce2\u97f3\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u516c\u53f8 Spectrolab \u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546Deployable Space Systems (DSS) \u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b0\u7684\u9635\u5217\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u5c06\u4f4d\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u9635\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u516d\u4e2a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u592a\u9633\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3001\u914d\u7535\u548c\u901a\u9053\u5316\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7535\u6e90\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u7535\u89c6\u6444\u50cf\u673a\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u9ad8\u6e05\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u3010\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>NASA<\/em>\u3011<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-242868\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image002.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"907\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image002.jpg 907w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image002-300x172.jpg 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image002-768x440.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe2<\/strong>\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u8ba1\u5212\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u65b0\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217 <em>credit: Boeing<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece2021\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9635\u5217\u8fbe\u5230\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bff\u547d\u7684\u7b2c15 \u5e74\u65f6\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u5c06\u5728 SpaceX \u9f99\u8d27\u8fd0\u98de\u8239\u7684\u65e0\u538b\u540e\u5907\u7bb1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u8865\u7ed9\u4efb\u52a1\u671f\u95f4\u6210\u5bf9\u8fd0\u9001\u5230\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u6b21\u592a\u7a7a\u884c\u8d70\u3002\u3010\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>NASA<\/em>\u3011<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd<\/strong>\u662f\u7531<strong>\u7837\u5316\u9553\u548c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6750\u6599\u5236\u6210\u7684\u591a\u7ed3\u7535\u6c60<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6bd4\u7845\u66f4\u80fd\u62b5\u6297\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u53ef\u8fbe34%\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u4e09\u7ed3\u7535\u6c60\uff0cNASA\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u56db\u548c\u516d\u7ed3\u7535\u6c60\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636eNASA\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u65e9\u57281991\u5e74\u5c31\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u592a\u7a7a\u4e2d<strong>\u7837\u5316\u9553\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u6297\u8f90\u7167\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u7528<\/strong><strong>10 MeV<\/strong><strong>\u8d28\u5b50\u62161 MeV<\/strong><strong>\u7535\u5b50\u8f90\u7167\u6765\u81ea3<\/strong><strong>\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5236\u9020\u5546\u7684\u7837\u5316\u9553\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u5747\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6bd4\u7845\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9ad836%-56%<\/strong><strong>\u7684\u9762\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5176\u6297\u8f90\u7167\u6027\u4f18\u5f02\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u4e9b\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4eNASA\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u91c7\u7528\u7837\u5316\u9553\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7535\u6c60\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u7845\u8584\u819c\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0cNASA\u5e76\u672a\u653e\u5f03\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2018\u5e74\uff0cNASA\u5c31\u5c06Alta Devices\u516c\u53f8\u7814\u53d1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9001\u4e0a\u592a\u7a7a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f55\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7837\u5316\u9553\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u662f\u6210\u672c\u8fd8\u662f\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684<strong>\u5929\u5bab\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9<\/strong>\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u636e\u516c\u5f00\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u662f\u4f7f\u7528<strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u67d4\u6027\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u95ee\u5929\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8231\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u67d4\u6027\u7684\u4e09\u7ed3\u7837\u5316\u9553\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u7684<strong>\u795e\u821f<\/strong>\u98de\u8239\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f<strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u521a\u6027\u592a\u9633\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u5929\u821f\u8d27\u8fd0\u98de\u8239<\/strong>\u5219\u91c7\u7528\u4e86<strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u534a\u521a\u6027\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u592a\u9633\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8f7d\u4eba\u822a\u5929\u5de5\u7a0b\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff08CMSA\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u8231\u5929\u548c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8231\u68a6\u5929\u3001\u95ee\u5929\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u677f\u5c06\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fbe400 m<sup>2<\/sup>\u7684\u53d1\u7535\u9762\uff0c\u53d1\u7535\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc780 kW\uff0c\u5149\u7535\u8f6c\u6362\u6548\u7387\u8d85\u8fc730%\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u76f8\u5f53\u53ef\u89c2\uff0c\u636e\u5a92\u4f53\u62a5\u9053\uff0c8 cm<sup>2<\/sup>\u9020\u4ef7\u7ea6\u4e3a1000\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff0c\u201c\u5929\u548c\u201d\u6838\u5fc3\u8231\u4e00\u5bf9134 m<sup>2<\/sup>\u7684\u592a\u9633\u7ffc\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c1.675\u4ebf\uff0c\u800c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u4e09\u8231\uff0c\u4ec5\u592a\u9633\u7ffc\u5c31\u89818-9\u4e2a\u4ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u6709\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e2\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u53d1\u7535\uff0c\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3b\u89d2\u6765\u4e86\u2014\u2014<strong>\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u4e0a\u5929\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636eNASA\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u592a\u7a7a\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8d1f\u8d23\u7814\u53d1\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u7531Kaitlyn VanSant\u548cKyle Crowley\u4e24\u540d\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u534f\u52a9\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c<strong>NASA<\/strong><strong>\u5bf9\u65b0\u578b\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807<\/strong>\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09<strong>\u4e00\u822c\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u7535\u6c60\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8f90\u5c04\u8010\u53d7\u6027\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09NASA<strong>\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\u9ad8\u529f\u7387\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Gateway, Mars Cargo, ISS, Human Landing System\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u6708\u7403\u548c\u706b\u661f\u8868\u9762\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7535\u529b(\u706b\u661f\u8f66\u3001\u7740\u9646\u5668\u3001\u53d1\u7535\u7ad9\u3001\u73b0\u573a\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42)<\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u62ec\u51cf\u5c11\u7070\u5c18\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f3a\u8f90\u5c04\u548c\/\u6216\u5f3a\u5ea6\/\u6e29\u5ea6\u6781\u9650\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0cNASA\u8fd8\u4e13\u95e8\u9488\u5bf9<strong>\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60<\/strong>\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1\uff09<strong>\u76ee\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6708\u7403\u8868\u9762\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u67d4\u6027\u886c\u5e95\u7684\u5927\u9762\u79ef\uff08<strong>&gt;100 kW<\/strong>\uff09\u3001\u67d4\u6027\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u8584\u819c\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>2\uff09<strong>\u7814\u53d1\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1<strong>\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u5236\u9020\u3001\u548c\u8010\u7528<\/strong>\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>3\uff09<strong>\u9700\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u6708\u7403\u8868\u9762\u52a8\u529b\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u7a7a\u95f4\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u9762\u79ef\u5e76\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u8584\u819c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u89c1\uff0cNASA\u5df2\u7ecf\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u4e0a\u5929\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u6b65\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u65f6\u95f42020\u5e743\u67087\u65e5\uff0cSpaceX\u7684\u730e\u9e709\u706b\u7bad\u5c06\u9f99\u98de\u8239\u9001\u8fbe\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\uff0c \u4e3a\u5176\u9001\u53bb1900\u591a\u516c\u65a4\u7684\u8865\u7ed9\u7269\u8d44\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u3002\u5982<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>3<\/strong>\u6240\u793a\uff0cMAPbI<sub>3<\/sub>\u8584\u819c\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u88c5\u7f6e\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-242869\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image003.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"630\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image003.png 630w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image003-300x148.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe3<\/strong> \u5de6\uff1a\u5236\u5907\u7684\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\uff1b\u53f3\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\u5b9e\u9a8c\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684MAPbI<sub>3<\/sub>\u8584\u819c\u6837\u54c1 <em>credit: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u6708\u7403\uff0c\u706b\u661f\u7b49\u5730\u5916\u5929\u4f53\u7684\u6c38\u4e45\u9a7b\u7559\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4f9b\u7535\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0300-600 V\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u5728\u5730\u5916\u5b9e\u73b0\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u7535\u6e90\u652f\u6491\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u540c\u6676\u7845\u3001\u94dc\u94df\u9553\u7852\uff08CIGS\uff09\u7b49\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u603b\u7ebf\u7535\u538b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u6c34\u3001\u6c27 \u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u7b49\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u592a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f3a\u6c34\u7f3a\u6c27\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6070\u597d\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u6781\u5177\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7a7a\u95f4\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u6750\u6599\u3002\u57282020\u5e74\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u7b2c47\u5c4aIEEE\u5149\u4f0f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0cNASA\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u6e7f\u5ea695%\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea628\u2103\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u9635\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7AIAA-S111\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6e7f\u5ea6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u964d\u89e3\u5371\u5bb3\u53c8\u9002\u5408\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u5177\u5907\u672a\u6765\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u5730\u9762\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5927\u5371\u5bb3\u662f\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u6750\u6599\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u8f90\u5c04\u5305\u62ec\u79bb\u5b50\u548c\u975e\u79bb\u5b50\u8f90\u5c04\uff0c\u592a\u9633\u8000\u6591\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u8d28\u5b50\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u3001\u4f3d\u5c04\u7ebf\u548c\u52a8\u80fd\u8303\u56f4\u4ecekeV\u5230GeV\u7684x\u5c04\u7ebf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9ad8\u80fd\u79bb\u5b50\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6676\u683c\u4ea7\u751f\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f7f\u80fd\u5e26\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u5c40\u57df\u6001\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u590d\u5408\u635f\u5931\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u5728\u8d28\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u4e3a<\/strong><strong>0.05-68 MeV<\/strong><strong>\uff0c\u8d28\u5b50\u6d4110<sup>12 <\/sup>p+\/cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u5668\u4ef6\u8fd8\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u521d\u59cb\u6027\u80fd\u768490%<\/strong><strong>\u5de6\u53f3<\/strong>\uff08\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <em>Energy Environ. Sci., 12, 1634-1647<\/em><em>\uff1bJoule, 4, 1054-1069.<\/em>\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5230\u524d\u8ff0NASA\u57282020\u5e74\u53d1\u5c04\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bfc\u81f4\u660e\u663e\u7684\u964d\u89e3\uff08<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u900f\u8fc7\u7387\u6765\u81ea\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5149\u6591\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u6765\u81ea\u73bb\u7483\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0PbI<sub>2<\/sub>\u7684\u5438\u6536\u8fb9\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8868\u660e\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u6750\u6599\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-242870\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image004-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"946\" height=\"369\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image004-1.png 946w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image004-1-300x117.png 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image004-1-768x300.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 946px) 100vw, 946px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe4<\/strong> \u5728\u5730\u7403\u4f4e\u8f68\u9053\u98de\u884c10\u4e2a\u6708\u7684MAPbI<sub>3<\/sub>\u8584\u819c\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u900f\u5c04\u8c31\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\uff09\u4e0e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6837\u54c1\uff08\u84dd\uff09<em>credit: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u4f20\u8f93\u6750\u6599\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u6708\u7403\u8868\u9762\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u8010\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u5fc5\u987b\u8fbe\u5230-50-75 \u2103\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u672a\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u540e\uff0c2021\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08NREL\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06<strong>8<\/strong><strong>\u4e2a<\/strong>\u9499\u949b\u77ff\u6837\u54c1\u9001\u4e0a\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ad9\uff0c\u5e76\u53c8\u57282022\u5e74\u7ee7\u7eed\u9001\u4e0a\u4e86<strong>25<\/strong><strong>\u4e2a<\/strong>\u6837\u54c1\uff08<strong>\u56fe<\/strong><strong>5<\/strong>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-242871\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image005.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image005.png 1100w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image005-300x145.png 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image005-768x371.png 768w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image005-1024x494.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56fe5<\/strong>\u5730\u9762\u5236\u5907\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u76f8\u6837\u54c1\u5373\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u5904\u7406 <em>credit: 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