{"id":232867,"date":"2022-02-10T06:30:24","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T22:30:24","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=232867"},"modified":"2022-02-09T22:02:10","modified_gmt":"2022-02-09T14:02:10","slug":"%e5%ba%b7%e5%a5%88%e5%b0%94%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%a6-sci-adv-%ef%bc%9a%e7%a0%b4%e7%ba%aa%e5%bd%95%e5%80%bc%ef%bc%81%e9%9d%9e%e8%b4%b5%e9%87%91%e5%b1%9e%e6%b0%ae%e5%8c%96%e7%89%a9%e7%94%b5%e5%82%ac%e5%8c%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=232867","title":{"rendered":"\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66 Sci. Adv.\uff1a\u7834\u7eaa\u5f55\u503c\uff01\u975e\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u65b0\u7a81\u7834"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u80cc\u666f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6c22\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\uff08Hydrogen fuel cells\uff09\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u201c\u96f6\u201d\u78b3\u6392\u653e\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e2d\u6709\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u94c2\uff08Pt\uff09\u7b49\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u8d28\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u819c\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\uff08proton exchange membrane fuel cells, PEMFCs\uff09\u4e2d\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u6c27\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08oxygen reduction reaction, ORR\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4e0ePEMFCs\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9634\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u819c\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\uff08anion exchange membrane fuel cells, AEMFCs\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u8d35\u91cd\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u57faORR\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fc3\u8fdb\u78b1\u6027\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684ORR\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u975e\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u94b4\u9530\u5c16\u6676\u77f3\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u5728\u819c\u7535\u6781\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08membrane electrode assemblies, MEAs\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc71 W cm-2<\/sup>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5c16\u6676\u77f3\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u4f4e\u56fa\u6709\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176ORR\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u5584\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684ORR\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u50ac\u5316ORR\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u8868\u9762\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u8377\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u53d1\u5bfc\u7535\u975e\u8d35\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff08Transition metal nitrides, TMNs\uff09\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5bfc\u7535\u6027\u3001\u8010\u8150\u8680\u6027\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6781\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cTMNs\u5177\u6709\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u3001\u79bb\u5b50\u952e\u548c\u91d1\u5c5e\u952e\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5176\u5728\u6790\u6c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff08hydrogen evolution reaction, HER\uff09\u7b49\u50ac\u5316\u4e2d\u524d\u666f\u5e7f\u9614\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0cTMNs\u7684\u8868\u9762\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u7a7a\u6c14\u6216\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u65f6\u6709\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5c42\u8584\u8584\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7269\/\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u539f\u4f4d\u5f62\u6210\u6c2e\u5316\u7269-\u6838\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u7269-\u58f3\u7ed3\u6784\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5bf9TMNs\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684ORR\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9TMNs\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027ORR\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ecd\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570TMNs\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u65cb\u8f6c\u5706\u76d8\u7535\u6781\uff08rotating disk electrode, RDE\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5c06TMNs\u7528\u4f5cAEMFCs MEA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u9634\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002
\n \"\"\u3010\u6210\u679c\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66H\u00e9ctor D. Abru\u00f1a\uff08\u901a\u8baf\u4f5c\u8005\uff09\u7b49\u4eba<\/strong>\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u975e\u8d35\u91cd\u8fc7\u6e21\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff08transition metal nitrides, TMNs\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u7684\u6c27\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08ORR\uff09\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u6c2e\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u78b3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff08carbon-supported metal nitrides, Mx<\/sub>N\/C\u3001M=Ti\u3001V\u3001Cr\u3001Mn\u3001Fe\u3001Co\u3001Ni\u3001x=1\u62163\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f62\u8c8c\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8868\u9762\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u8868\u5f81\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5408\u6210\u7684\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u5927\u6c14\u65f6\u90fd\u662f\u6c2e\u5316\u7269-\u6838\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u7269-\u58f3\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u78b1\u6027\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6d4b\u91cf\u8868\u660e\uff0cCo3<\/sub>N\/C\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\/C\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u826f\u597d\u7684ORR\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dCo3<\/sub>N\/C\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6700\u9ad8\u7684ORR\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0e\u5546\u7528Pt\/C\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u3002\u5c06Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u4f5c\u4e3aAEMFCs\u7684\u9634\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5cf0\u503c\u529f\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08peak power density, PPD\uff09\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86700 mW cm-2<\/sup>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5df2\u62a5\u9053\u7684\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u9634\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u7684MEAs\u6027\u80fd\u3002Operando X\u5c04\u7ebf\u5438\u6536\u5149\u8c31\uff08XAS\uff09\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u867d\u7136Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u5728\u4f4e\u4e8e1.0 V\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u53ef\u9006\u6c22\u7535\u6781\uff08RHE\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u66f4\u6b63\u7684\u7535\u52bf\u4e0b\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u3002\u8be5\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u8010\u7528\u7684TMNs\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78b1\u6027\u71c3\u6599\u7535\u6c60\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u80fd\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4ee5\u9898\u4e3a\u201cNonprecious transition metal nitrides as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for alkaline fuel cells\u201d<\/strong>\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u8457\u540d\u671f\u520aScience Advances<\/strong>\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u56fe\u6587\u89e3\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e00\u3001\u78b3\u8d1f\u8f7d3d\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u5f81<\/strong>\u00a92022American Association for the Advancement of Science
\n \"\"\uff08A\uff09\u9ad8\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u78b3\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u91d1\u5c5e\u6c2e\u5316\u7269\uff08Mx<\/sub>N\uff09\u7684\u6c28\u6c2e\u5316\u6cd5\u5408\u6210\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08B-D\uff09\u5408\u6210\u540e\u7684Mx<\/sub>N\/C\u7684XRD\u56fe\u6848\u4e0e\u6765\u81eaPearson\u6676\u4f53\u6570\u636e\uff08PCD\uff09\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u53ca\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6392\u5217\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e8c\u3001\u8868\u9762\u73af\u5883\u7684XPS\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u00a92022American Association for the Advancement of Science
\n \"\"\uff08A-C\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\u4e2d\u91d1\u5c5e2p\u8f68\u9053\u3001O 1s\u548cN 1s\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u5149\u8c31\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08D-F\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\u4e2d\u91d1\u5c5e2p\u8f68\u9053\u7684\u53cd\u8936\u79ef\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5149\u8c31\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08G-I\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\u4e2dO 1s\u7684\u53cd\u8936\u79ef\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5149\u8c31\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08J-L\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\u4e2dN 1s\u7684\u53cd\u8936\u79ef\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5149\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e09\u3001STEM-EELS\u5206\u6790Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\/C\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u548c\u5206\u5e03<\/strong>\u00a92022American Association for the Advancement of Science
\n \"\"\uff08A\uff09\u692d\u5706Co3<\/sub>N\u9897\u7c92\u7684\u9ad8\u89d2\u5ea6\u73af\u5f62\u6697\u573aHAADF-STEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08B-F\uff09Co\u3001N\u3001O\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684EELS\u5143\u7d20\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caCo+N\u548cN+O\u7684\u590d\u5408\u6620\u5c04\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08G\uff09\u4ece\uff08A\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u7ebf\u6846\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6HADDF-STEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08H\uff09\u4ece\uff08G\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u7ebf\u6846\u653e\u5927\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6HADDF-STEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08I\uff09MnN\u7c92\u5b50\u7684HADDF-STEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08J-N\uff09Mn\u3001N\u3001O\u7684EELS\u5143\u7d20\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\uff08I\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u7ebf\u6846\u4e2d\u6536\u96c6\u7684Mn+N\u548cN+O\u7684\u590d\u5408\u6620\u5c04\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08O\uff09\u76f8\u5e94\u7684Fe3<\/sub>N\u9897\u7c92\u7684HADDF-STEM\u56fe\u50cf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08P-T\uff09Fe\u3001N\u3001O\u7684\u76f8\u5e94EELS\u5143\u7d20\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caFe+N\u548cN+O\u7684\u590d\u5408\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u56db\u3001Mx<\/sub>N\/C\u5728\u78b1\u6027\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3aORR\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\u00a92022American Association for the Advancement of Science<\/p>\n

\"\"\uff08A\uff09Mx<\/sub>N\/C\uff0820 wt%\u300150 \u03bcgnitride<\/sub> cm-2<\/sup>\uff09\u548c\u5546\u7528Pt\/C\uff0820 wt%, 25 \u03bcgPt<\/sub> cm-2<\/sup>\uff09\u5728O2<\/sub>\u9971\u548c\u76841 M KOH\u4e2d\u7684RDE\u6781\u5316\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08B\uff09\u4ece\uff08A\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6ORR Tafel\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u7531Kouteck\u00fd-Levich\u65b9\u7a0b\u786e\u5b9a\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\u7535\u6d41\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08C\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u57280.85 V vs. RHE\u4e0b\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6240\u6709Mx<\/sub>N\/C\u7684MA\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08D\uff09\u5229\u7528RRDE\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u3001MnN\/C\u548cFe3<\/sub>N\/C\u7684H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub>\u4ea7\u7387\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u6570\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08E\uff09\u9634\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e3a80 wt% Co3<\/sub>N\/C\uff081.8 mgCo3N<\/sub> cm-2<\/sup>\uff09\u548c\u9633\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e3a60 wt%\u5546\u7528PtRu\/C\uff080.4 mgPtRu<\/sub> cm-2<\/sup>\uff09\u7684AEMFC\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe\u4e94\u3001Operando XAS\u7814\u7a76Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u5728\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong>\u00a92022American Association for the Advancement of Science
\n \"\"\uff08A\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u57281.0 V\uff08OCP\uff09\u7a33\u6001\u4e0b\u7684Operando XANES\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u518d\u65bd\u52a01.2-1.6 V vs. RHE\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7535\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0eXANES\u53c2\u8003\u5149\u8c31\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08B\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\/C\u57281.0-1.6 V\u7684Operando EXAFS\u5149\u8c31\uff0c\u5177\u6709k3<\/sup>\u52a0\u6743Hanning\u7a97\u53e3\u548c\u65e0\u76f8\u4f4d\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7535\u4f4d\u4e0bCo-N\/O\u548cCo-Co\u952e\u7684\u663e\u7740\u53d8\u5316\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08C-D\uff09\u5c06\u7535\u4f4d\u4ece1.0 V\u964d\u4f4e\u52300.2 V\u65f6\uff0cCo3<\/sub>N\/C\u7684Operando XANES\u548cEXAFS\u5149\u8c31\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff08E\uff09Co3<\/sub>N\u9897\u7c92\u5728\u7a7a\u6c14\u66b4\u9732\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u8868\u9762\u6c27\u5316\u548c\u5728\u65bd\u52a0\u9ad8\u4e8e1.2 V\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7535\u4f4d\u540e\u5b8c\u5168\u6c27\u5316\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3010\u5c0f\u7ed3\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aNonprecious transition metal nitrides as efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for alkaline fuel cells<\/a><\/strong>. Science Advances<\/em>, 2021<\/strong>, DOI: 10.1126\/sciadv.abj1584.<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531CQR\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n

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