{"id":193313,"date":"2019-12-27T06:52:01","date_gmt":"2019-12-26T22:52:01","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=193313"},"modified":"2019-12-26T21:06:19","modified_gmt":"2019-12-26T13:06:19","slug":"%e5%be%b7%e5%9b%bd%e4%ba%9a%e7%90%9b%e5%b7%a5%e5%a4%a7%e4%bd%99%e6%84%bfmaterials-today%e7%bb%bc%e8%bf%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%89%e7%bb%b4%e5%8e%9f%e5%ad%90%e6%8e%a2%e9%92%88%ef%bc%88apt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=193313","title":{"rendered":"\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e9a\u741b\u5de5\u5927\u4f59\u613fMaterials Today\u7efc\u8ff0\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u4e09\u7ef4\u539f\u5b50\u63a2\u9488\uff08APT\uff09\u63ed\u793a\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5316\u5b66"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193317\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/1-52.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"426\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/1-52.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/1-52-300x213.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" 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de6\u53f3\uff0cAPT\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u51e0\u5341\u4e2appm\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97APT\u6280\u672f\u5728\u6750\u6599\u7f3a\u9677\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u5bf9\u6750\u6599\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u6210\u679c\u7b80\u4ecb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u65e5\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e9a\u741b\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u4f59\u613f\u3001\u9a6c\u666e\u6240Baptiste Gault\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u5317\u5927\u5b66Jeff Snyder\u7b49\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86APT\u5728\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86APT\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86APT\u6280\u672f\u5728\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u7684\u673a\u9047\u548c\u6311\u6218\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5206\u522b\u603b\u7ed3APT\u6280\u672f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u5f81\u63ba\u6742\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4f4d\u9519\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u504f\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5f62\u8c8c\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f3a\u9677\u5316\u5b66\u4e0e\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u7ed3\u5408APT\uff0c\u7403\u5dee\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u7f3a\u9677\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u58f0\u5b50\u8f93\u8fd0\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u6750\u6599\u7684\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8be5\u6210\u679c\u4ee5\u9898\u4e3a\u201cRevealing nano-chemistry at lattice defects in thermoelectric materials using atom probe tomography\u201d\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u6750\u6599\u9886\u57df\u9876\u7ea7\u671f\u520aMaterials Today\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u3010\u56fe\u6587\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Figure 1. \u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6676\u4f53\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u4fee\u9970\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u9891\u7387\u58f0\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193322\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/2-54.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/2-54.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/2-54-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)\u70b9\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u4f4d\uff0c\u7f6e\u6362\u539f\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u95f4\u9699\u539f\u5b50\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u4f4d\u9519\u4ee5\u53ca\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u67ef\u6c0f\u6c14\u56e2\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u6676\u754c\u548c\u76f8\u754c\u4ee5\u53ca\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u504f\u6790\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u548c\u57fa\u4f53\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u504f\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure 2. \u4e09\u7ef4\u539f\u5b50\u63a2\u9488APT\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193319\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3-56.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"906\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3-56.jpg 906w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3-56-300x128.jpg 300w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/3-56-768x329.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5f85\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6837\u4e3a\u9488\u5c16\u72b6\u6837\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u5c16\u7aef\u534a\u5f84\u572820-100 nm\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u6790\u6df1\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786b\u5c5e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u5927\u4e8e500 nm\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u84b8\u53d1\u7535\u573a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5236\u5907\u60c5\u51b5\uff09\u3002\u6837\u54c1\u7aef\u88ab\u65bd\u52a01-12 kV\u7684\u6b63\u504f\u538b\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u538b\u7528\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7531\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u6781\u5f97\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u533a\u57df\u3002\u8868\u9762\u539f\u5b50\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u5f85\u79bb\u5316\u7684\u4e9a\u7a33\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8109\u51b2\u7535\u538b\u6216\u8005\u8109\u51b2\u6fc0\u5149\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u8868\u9762\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u79bb\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u84b8\u53d1\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u88ab\u79bb\u5316\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5728\u76f4\u6d41\u7535\u573a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\u52a0\u901f\u98de\u79bb\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762\u5230\u8fbeMCP (microchannel plate)\u3002MCP\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u79bb\u5b50\u649e\u51fb\u540e\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u628a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u66f4\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7535\u5b66\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u88abDelay-line detector\u63a2\u6d4b\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e73\u9762\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5750\u6807\u3002\u6837\u54c1\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u8109\u51b2\u6fc0\u5149\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u77ac\u95f4\u63a2\u6d4b\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u79bb\u5b50\u649e\u51fbMCP\u65f6\u8ba1\u65f6\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u7528\u7684\u98de\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e8e\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b\u548c\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u98de\u884c\u8ddd\u79bb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d28\u6838\u6bd4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u6210\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u79bb\u5b50\u7684\u63a2\u6d4b\u987a\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u7eb5\u5411\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5df2\u5206\u6790\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure 3. Cu<sub>2<\/sub>S<sub>1\/3<\/sub>Se<sub>1\/3<\/sub>Te<sub>1\/3<\/sub>\u7684APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193323\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/4-53.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/4-53.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/4-53-300x137.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)Cu, S, Se, Te\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u7b2c\u4e00\u8fd1\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u5e03\u5206\u6790\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u9ed1\u8272\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u5b8c\u5168\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4f4dAPT\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u56db\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u504f\u805a\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Figure 4. Zn<sub>4<\/sub>Sb<sub>3<\/sub>\u7684APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193324\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-39.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-39.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/5-39-300x203.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)Zn\u4ee5\u53caSb\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u8be5\u6210\u5206\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u8c31\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)Zn\u4ee5\u53caSb\u7684\u9891\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u56fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u865a\u7ebf\u4e3a\u5047\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u968f\u673a\u5206\u5e03\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u9879\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e3aAPT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660eZn\uff0cSb\u5143\u7d20\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6ce2\u52a8\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)\u5e73\u884c\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u5411\u76845 nm\u5207\u7247\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u72b6\u6001\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\u84dd\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793aZn\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u542b\u91cf\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4e8e59 at.%\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 5. PbTe-Ag<sub>2<\/sub>Te\u5408\u91d1\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u9519\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193325\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/6-22.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"410\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/6-22.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/6-22-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)Pb, Te\u548cAg\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a2.5at%\u7684\u7b49\u6210\u5206\u9762\u7528\u6765\u7a81\u51fa\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u84dd\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u6846\u90e8\u5206\u6676\u5185\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u653e\u5927\u56fe\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u6676\u5185\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4f4d\u9519\u5185\u90e8\u4e3aAg\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u6210\u5206\u6bd4\u57fa\u4f53\u9ad8\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)\u7ea2\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u6846\u90e8\u5206\u6676\u754c\u90e8\u5206\u653e\u5927\u56fe\uff1b\u8be5\u6676\u754c\u4e3a\u5c0f\u89d2\u5ea6\u6676\u754c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u4f4d\u9519\u9635\u5217\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f4d\u9519\u5468\u56f4\u7684Ag\u5bcc\u96c6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(e)\u6676\u754c\u5904\u7684Ag\u5143\u7d20\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6210\u5206\u7b49\u9ad8\u56fe\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faAg\u5728\u4f4d\u9519\u5904\u5bcc\u96c6\u5e76\u4e14\u6cbf\u7740\u4f4d\u9519\u7ebf\u5468\u671f\u6027\u6ce2\u52a8\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 6. APT\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u6750\u6599\u7684\u754c\u9762\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193326\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7-11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7-11.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/7-11-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)Na\u5143\u7d20\u5728PbTe-SrTe\u5408\u91d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6676\u754c\u548c\u76f8\u754c\u5904\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u770b\u5230Na\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u754c\u9762\u5904\u5bcc\u96c6\uff1b\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u5bcc\u96c6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u6750\u6599\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u5904\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)Na\u63ba\u6742PbTe-PbS\u5408\u91d1\u7684APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u6210\u5206\u66f2\u7ebf\u8868\u660eNa\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4e0e\u57fa\u4f53\u7684\u754c\u9762\u5904\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u754c\u9762\u80fd\uff0c\u8bf1\u5bfc\u5c0f\u5e73\u9762\u76f8\u6790\u51fa\u7269\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u5de6\u4fa7\u4e3aMg\u5143\u7d20\u5728n\u578bMg<sub>3<\/sub>Sb<sub>2<\/sub>\u5408\u91d1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\uff1b\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3a\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6676\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u6210\u5206\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faMg\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6676\u754c\u5904\u6709\u6240\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u8be5\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91caMg<sub>3<\/sub>Sb<sub>2<\/sub>\u5408\u91d1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7535\u963b\u7387\u6e29\u5ea6\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3aCe\u5143\u7d20\u5728Ce<sub>0<\/sub>.<sub>2<\/sub>Co<sub>4<\/sub>Sb<sub>12<\/sub>\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\uff1b\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3a\u7a7f\u8fc7\u6676\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u6210\u5206\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faCe\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u6676\u754c\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u6d53\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u5bfc\u7387\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 7. \u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u754c\u9762\u6210\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u7c97\u5316\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193327\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"591\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8-6.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/8-6-300x296.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)APT\u91cd\u6784\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793aNa\uff0cS\uff0cSe\uff0cTe\u5143\u7d20\u5728PbTe\u57fa\u4f53\u4ee5\u53caPbS\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)Na\u5143\u7d20\u5728Pb<sub>99<\/sub>Na<sub>0.01<\/sub>Te<sub>0.65<\/sub>S<sub>0.25<\/sub>Se<sub>0.1<\/sub>\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7a7f\u8fc7\u57fa\u4f53\u548c\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5206\u5e03\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6765Na\u5143\u7d20\u5728PbS\u4e2d\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u5728PbTe\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14Na\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u4e24\u8005\u754c\u9762\u5904\u5bcc\u96c6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)Pb, Te, S, Se\u4ee5\u53caNa\u7b49\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u57fa\u4f53-\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u754c\u9762\u4e24\u4fa7\u7684\u6210\u5206\u66f2\u7ebf\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)Na\u63ba\u6742PbTe-PbSr\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728400\u5ea6\u9000\u706b7\u5929\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u7684SrO\u6790\u51fa\u7269\uff0c\u84dd\u8272\u70b9\u4e3aO\u5143\u7d20\u5728SrO\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(e)Pb\uff0cTe\uff0cSr\uff0cNa\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5f84\u5411\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\u7edf\u8ba1\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660eSr\u548cNa\u5f62\u6210\u5c40\u90e8\u56e2\u7c07\uff0cPb\u548cTe\u4e3a\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 8. APT\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5f62\u8c8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193328\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/9-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/9-4.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/9-4-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)PbTe-Ag<sub>2<\/sub>Te\u7684APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7403\u5f62\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7528Ag\u5143\u7d2020at%\u7b49\u6d53\u5ea6\u9762\u8868\u793a\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u56fea\u5bf9\u5e94\u767d\u8272\u77e9\u5f62\u533a\u57df\u653e\u5927\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793aAg\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u56e2\u805a\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)TEM\u663e\u793a\u88abPbTe\u57fa\u4f53\u5305\u56f4\u7684\u5706\u5f62Ag<sub>2<\/sub>Te\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)(PbTe)<sub>97<\/sub>(Ag<sub>2<\/sub>Te)<sub>0.03<\/sub>\u7684APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea2\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u4e3aAg2.5at%\u7b49\u6d53\u5ea6\u9762\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u5bccAg\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u7403\u5f62\u548c\u5706\u7247\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u72b6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(e)\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6216\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u5927\u7684\u5706\u7247\u72b6\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u4e3aAg<sub>2<\/sub>Te\u6eb6\u89e3\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684Pb\uff0c\u5c0f\u7684\u7403\u5f62\u90e8\u5206\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3aAg\u8fc7\u9971\u548c\u7684PbTe\u57fa\u56fa\u6eb6\u4f53\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 9. Cs-STEM\uff0cAPT\u4ee5\u53caDFT\u8ba1\u7b97\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790PbSe-Cu<sub>2<\/sub>Se\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193329\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/10-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/10-4.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/10-4-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>(a)HAADF-STEM\u56fe\uff0c\u5e94\u53d8\u6761\u7eb9\u7531\u9ec4\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u548c\u692d\u5706\u6307\u51fa\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(b)\u5e94\u53d8\u6761\u7eb9\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684HAADF-STEM\u653e\u5927\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u504f\u79bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684Pb\u539f\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u7d2b\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u6307\u51fa\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(c)\u56feb\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ABF-STEM\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u7bad\u5934\u6307\u51fa\u95f4\u9699Cu\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(d)APT\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793aPb\uff0cSe\uff0cCu\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(e)Cu\u5bcc\u96c6\u533a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u653e\u5927\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u63ed\u793aCu\u5f62\u6210\u79bb\u6563\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5c42\u72b6Cu\u539f\u5b50\u7247\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(f)\u5355\u4e2aCu\u5bcc\u96c6\u5c42\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u5206\u5e03\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(g)Cu 5at%\u7b49\u6d53\u5ea6\u9762\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faPb\u548cSe\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u63011\uff1a1\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eCu\u4e3b\u8981\u5360\u636e\u95f4\u9699\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(h)\u4e0d\u540cCu<sub>2<\/sub>Se\u542b\u91cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684DFT\u80fd\u5e26\u56fe\uff0c\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u80fd\u5e26\u6781\u503c\u90e8\u5206\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(i)\u7eafPbSe\u4e8c\u5143\u6750\u6599\u7684\u58f0\u5b50\u8c31\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u58f0\u5b50\u6001\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>(j)PbSe-Cu<sub>2<\/sub>Se\u7684\u58f0\u5b50\u8c31\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u58f0\u5b50\u6001\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>Figure 10. \u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6676\u4f53\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff08\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u89c1\u5168\u6587\u603b\u7ed3\uff09<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-193330\" src=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/11-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"447\" srcset=\"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/11-3.jpg 600w, \/\/m.iemloyee.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/11-3-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u6587\u7b80\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u5347\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u6676\u4f53\u7f3a\u9677\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u58f0\u5b50\u8f93\u8fd0\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86\u5229\u7528APT\u6280\u672f\u63a2\u6d4b\u6676\u4f53\u7f3a\u9677\u5728\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96f6\u7ef4\u70b9\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u80fd\u8c31\u6280\u672f\u6216\u8005XRD\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u786e\u83b7\u77e5\u63ba\u6742\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6eb6\u89e3\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u4e86\u63ba\u6742\u5143\u7d20\u5bf9\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002APT\u80fd\u591f\u7cbe\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf\u75d5\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6210\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u70b9\u7f3a\u9677\u5bf9\u80fd\u5e26\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u58f0\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u7ef4\u7ebf\u7f3a\u9677\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u4f4d\u9519\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7TEM\u6280\u672f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u77e5\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f2f\u6c0f\u77e2\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7APT\u6d4b\u91cf\u4f4d\u9519\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u52a0\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f4d\u9519\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u660e\u4f4d\u9519\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5bcc\u96c6\u80fd\u591f\u589e\u5f3a\u58f0\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u6709\u6548\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u63a7\u4f4d\u9519\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u4f4d\u9519\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u64cd\u63a7\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u754c\u9762\uff0cAPT\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u6d4b\u91cf\u754c\u9762\u5904\u6742\u8d28\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u504f\u6790\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u5e03\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u5143\u7d20\u5728\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u6216\u8005\u5bcc\u96c6\u5747\u80fd\u591f\u5f71\u54cd\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u5468\u671f\u52bf\u573a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u8f7d\u6d41\u5b50\u4e0e\u58f0\u5b50\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6210\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7b5b\u9009\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6765\u8c03\u63a7\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u7269\u7406\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e09\u7ef4\u7f3a\u9677\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u6210\u5206\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6750\u6599\u5206\u6790\u7684\u96be\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u80fd\u8c31\u6280\u672f\u65e0\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u6765\u81ea\u57fa\u4f53\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4eceTEM\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5f62\u8c8c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u4e09\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u60c5\u51b5\u3002APT\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7c73\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6d4b\u91cf\u4ee5\u53ca\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u4e0e\u57fa\u4f53\u754c\u9762\u5904\u7684\u6210\u5206\u8fc7\u6e21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u6838\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u6269\u6563\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u7684\u5f62\u8c8c\uff0c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5229\u7528\u7eb3\u7c73\u6790\u51fa\u7269\u8c03\u63a7\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6700\u540e\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7eb3\u7c73\u533a\u57df\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0cAPT\u5728\u6b64\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6240\u4ee5APT\u6280\u672f\u8fd8\u8981\u7ed3\u5408TEM\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8eSEM\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982EBSD\u4ee5\u53caECCI\u7b49\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u70ed\u7535\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4e5f\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u70ed\u7535\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u732e\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aRevealing nano-chemistry at lattice defects in thermoelectric materials using atom probe tomography. Mater. 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