{"id":18693,"date":"2016-06-11T08:00:28","date_gmt":"2016-06-11T00:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=18693"},"modified":"2016-06-11T16:37:17","modified_gmt":"2016-06-11T08:37:17","slug":"%e5%ad%a6%e6%9c%af%e5%b9%b2%e8%b4%a7-%e5%b8%a6%e4%bd%a0%e6%8f%ad%e5%bc%80%e7%94%b5%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e9%98%bb%e6%8a%97%e8%b0%b1%e7%9a%84%e9%9d%a2%e7%ba%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=18693","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u672f\u5e72\u8d27 | \u5e26\u4f60\u63ed\u5f00\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u7684\u9762\u7eb1"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u6cd5\uff08alternating current impedance, AC impedance\uff09\u662f\u6307\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7535\u6d41\uff08\u6216\u7535\u52bf\uff09\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5e45\u5ea6\u6b63\u5f26\u4ea4\u6d41\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6d4b\u91cf\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7535\u52bf\uff08\u6216\u7535\u6d41\uff09\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\uff08\u6216\u5bfc\u7eb3\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5206\u6790\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff1a\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4f0f\u5b89\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u6765\u8c08\u8c08\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\uff08electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS\uff09\u662f\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u76f4\u6d41\u6781\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5e73\u8861\u7535\u52bf\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u968f\u9891\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e00\u3001\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u6270\u52a8\u4fe1\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5e45\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u6ce2\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u9891\u7387\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u6ce2\u7535\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4f20\u8f93\u51fd\u6570G (\u03c9)\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u9891\u54cd\u51fd\u6570\u3002 \u56fe1 \u963b\u6297\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n \u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u9891\u54cd\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1X, Y\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u9891\u7387\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u6ce2\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u9700\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e8c\u3001\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6761\u4ef6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u4e09\u3001\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u963b\u6297\u590d\u5e73\u9762\u56fe\u548c\u963b\u6297\u6ce2\u7279\u56fe\u3002\u4ee5\u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5b83\u7684\u963b\u6297\u590d\u5e73\u9762\u56fe\u548c\u963b\u6297\u6ce2\u7279\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n 1. \u963b\u6297\u590d\u5e73\u9762\u56fe\u3010\u80fd\u594e\u65af\u7279\u56fe(Nyquist plot)\u3011\u662f\u4ee5\u963b\u6297\u7684\u5b9e\u90e8\u4e3a\u6a2a\u8f74\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6297\u7684\u865a\u90e8\u4e3a\u7eb5\u8f74\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe2 \u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/p>\n \u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7535\u6d41\u21920,\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7535\u963b\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u800c\u5728\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8e\u65ad\u8def\u72b6\u6001,\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u53ea\u7531\u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u548c\u53cc\u7535\u5c42\u7535\u5bb9\u4e32\u8054\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe3 \u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u7684\u590d\u5e73\u9762\u56fe<\/p>\n \u5728\u56fe3\u4e2d\uff0cZ\u2019\u4e3a\u5e38\u6570RL\uff0c\u800cZ”\u968f\u03c9\uff08\u9891\u7387\uff09\u800c\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u03c9\u8d8a\u5927\uff0cZ”\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002 2. \u963b\u6297\u6ce2\u7279\u56fe(Bode plot)\u7531\u4e24\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u63cf\u8ff0\u963b\u6297\u7684\u6a21\u968f\u9891\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aBode\u6a21\u56fe\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u66f2\u7ebf\u63cf\u8ff0\u963b\u6297\u7684\u76f8\u4f4d\u89d2\u968f\u9891\u7387\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3aBode\u76f8\u56fe\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0cBode\u6a21\u56fe\u548cBode\u76f8\u56fe\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u63cf\u8ff0\u963b\u6297\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe4 \u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u7684lg|Z|-lg\u03c9\u56fe<\/p>\n \u56fe5 \u7406\u60f3\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u7684\u03a6-lg\u03c9\u56fe<\/p>\n \u56db\u3001\u7528EIS\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u5c06\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u662f\u7531\u7535\u963b\uff08R\uff09\u3001\u7535\u5bb9\uff08C\uff09\u3001\u7535\u611f\uff08L\uff09\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u4ef6\u6309\u4e32\u8054\u6216\u5e76\u8054\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7EIS\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u5b9a\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u7684\u6784\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u4ef6\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u6765\u5206\u6790\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7535\u6781\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe6 \u4e09\u7535\u6781\u4f53\u7cfb\u56fe<\/p>\n 1. \u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6269\u6563\u963b\u6297\u65f6\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def<\/p>\n \u56fe7 \u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u65e0\u6269\u6563\u963b\u6297\u65f6\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/p>\n \u56fe8 \u53ea\u6709\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6781\u5316\u7535\u963b\u65f6\u7684Nyquist\u56fe<\/p>\n \u7279\u5f81\u9891\u7387\u03c9*=1 \/ Rp\u00d7Cd<\/p>\n 2. \u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u65e0\u6269\u6563\u963b\u6297\u65f6\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def<\/p>\n \u56fe9 \u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u65e0\u6269\u6563\u963b\u6297\u65f6\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/p>\n \u56fe10 \u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6781\u5316\u7535\u6781\u7684Nyquist\u56fe<\/p>\n Imp\uff1a\u5728\u963b\u6297\u590d\u6570\u5e73\u9762\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c1\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u534a\u5706\u662f\u7535\u963b\u548c\u7535\u5bb9\u5e76\u8054\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u5bb9\u6297\u5f27\u3002\u5728Nyquist\u56fe\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b2c1\u8c61\u9650\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6297\u5f27\u5c31\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a(RC)\u7535\u8def\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a(RC)\u7535\u8def\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 3. \u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7535\u8377\u8f6c\u79fb\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6269\u6563\u63a7\u5236\u65f6\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def<\/p>\n \u56fe11 \u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7535\u8377\u8f6c\u79fb\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6269\u6563\u63a7\u5236\u65f6\u7684\u7535\u89e3\u6c60\u7b49\u6548\u7535\u8def\u56fe<\/p>\n \u56fe12 \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6781\u5316\u548c\u6d53\u5dee\u6781\u5316\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u7535\u6781\u963b\u6297\u7684Nyquist\u56fe<\/p>\n \u5728\u4f4e\u9891\u533a\uff0c\u5f53\u03a6=\u03c0\/4\u65f6\uff0c\u7535\u6781\u7684Nyquist\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u659c\u7387\u4e3a1\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\uff0c\u76f4\u7ebf\u5728Z’\u8f74\u7684\u622a\u8ddd\u4e3aRL+Rp-2\u03c3\u00b2Cd\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cNyquist\u56fe\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u5b9e\u5206\u91cf\u548c\u865a\u5206\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7535\u6781\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6269\u6563\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6700\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u963b\u6297\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u533a\uff0c\u590d\u5e73\u9762\u56fe\u4e0a\u76f8\u5e94\u4e8e\u9ad8\u9891\u533a\u7684\u963b\u6297\u66f2\u7ebf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u5706\uff0c\u5706\u5fc3\u5728Z’\u8f74\u4e0aRL+1\/2Rp\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u4e3aRP\/2\u3002\u6839\u636e\u56fe\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u6c42\u51faRL\u548cRP\u3002\u5bf9\u03c9\u5fae\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636edZ”\/d\u03c9=0\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u534a\u5706\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u5706\u9891\u7387\u503c\uff08\u5373\u7279\u5f81\u9891\u7387\u03c9*\uff09\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u03c9*=1\/Cd\u00d7Rp\uff0c\u6c42\u5f97Cd\u3002\u7531\u4f4e\u9891\u533a\u963b\u6297\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0eZ’\u8f74\u622a\u8dddRL+Rp-2\u03c3\u00b2Cd\u53ef\u5f97\u03c3\uff0c\u7ee7\u800c\u6c42\u5f97\u6269\u6563\u7cfb\u6570D0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4f4e\u9891\u65f6\u7535\u6781\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u6269\u6563\u4f20\u8d28\u6b65\u9aa4\u63a7\u5236\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u6d53\u5dee\u6781\u5316\uff1b\u9ad8\u9891\u65f6\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u9891\u7387\u9ad8,\u9634\u9633\u6781\u53d8\u5316\u5feb\uff0c\u6269\u6563\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7565\u53bb\u6d53\u5dee\u6781\u5316\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u8868\u793a\u5f0f\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u03c3\u7684\u9879\u5747\u53ef\u7565\u53bb\u3002\u03c9\u21920\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6b65\u9aa4\u5411\u6269\u6563\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u5316\uff1b\u03c9\u2192\u221e\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6b65\u9aa4\u5411\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n \u9ad8\u9891\u533a\u4e3a\u7535\u6781\u53cd\u5e94\u52a8\u529b\u5b66\uff08\u7535\u8377\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff09\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4f4e\u9891\u533a\u7531\u7535\u6781\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u7269\u6216\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6269\u6563\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ece\u56fe\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u51fa\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684RL\u3001Rct\u3001 Cd \u3001\u03c3 \u3001D0\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe13 \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6781\u5316\u548c\u6d53\u5dee\u6781\u5316\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u7535\u6781\u963b\u6297\u7684Randles\u56fe<\/p>\n \u963b\u6297\u6269\u6563\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u53ef\u80fd\u504f\u79bb45\u00b0\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n 4. \u963b\u6297\u8c31\u4e2d\u7684\u534a\u5706\u65cb\u8f6c\u73b0\u8c61<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u963b\u6297\u6d4b\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u963b\u6297\u56fe\u4e0a\u538b\u6241\u7684\u534a\u5706\uff08depressed semi-circle\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5728Nyquist\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u534a\u5706\u7684\u5706\u5fc3\u843d\u5728\u4e86x\u8f74\u7684\u4e0b\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5706\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5f27\u3002\u8be5\u73b0\u8c61\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u534a\u5706\u65cb\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe14 \u534a\u5706\u65cb\u8f6c<\/p>\n \u51fa\u73b0\u534a\u5706\u65cb\u8f6c\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4e94\u3001\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u8c31\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n PPy\u548cPPy\/SAS\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u57280.5mol\/L\u7684Na2SO4\u7535\u89e3\u6db2\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u8def\u7535\u4f4d\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u56fe\u8c31\uff0c\u9891\u7387\u8303\u56f4\u662f10^(5)~10^(-2)Hz\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe15 PPy\u548cPPy\/SAS\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\u5728\u5f00\u8def\u7535\u4f4d\u4e0b\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u56fe\u8c31<\/p>\n \u56fe\u8c31\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/span> \u539f\u56e0\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/span>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u78fa\u9178\u57fa\u548cPPy\u9aa8\u67b6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8f83\u5f3a\u03c0\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u952e\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u79bb\u57df\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u7535\u8377\u4f20\u9012\u8f83\u6613\u3002 \u516d\u3001\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u4ea4\u6d41\u963b\u6297\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5c0f\u7f16\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u8865\u5145\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5230\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u8bba\u575b\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\nY (\u54cd\u5e94\u4fe1\u53f7)=G (\u03c9) X (\u6fc0\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7)<\/span>
\n\u82e5\uff1aX\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f26\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u6d41\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1bY\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f26\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u52bf\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1b G (\u03c9) \u4e3a\u963b\u6297\uff08impedance\uff09, \u7528Z\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/span>
\n\u82e5\uff1aX\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f26\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u52bf\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1bY\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f26\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u6d41\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1b G (\u03c9) \u4e3a\u5bfc\u7eb3\uff08admittance\uff09, \u7528Y\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/span>
\nZ, Y\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u963b\u7eb3\uff08immittance\uff09\uff0c\u7528G\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/span>
\n\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297\u4e3a\u77e2\u91cf\uff0c\u5e38\u5199\u6210\u590d\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u590d\u6570\u662f\u7531\u5b9e\u90e8\u548c\u865a\u90e8\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002
\n\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u963b\u6297Z\u5199\u6210\u590d\u6570\u4e3a\uff1aZ=Z’+ jZ”
\n\u590d\u963b\u6297Z\u662f\u7535\u8def\u5143\u4ef6\u5bf9\u7535\u6d41\u7684\u963b\u788d\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u79fb\u76f8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
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\nImp\uff1a<\/span>
\nRC\u3001RL\u3001RQ\u8868\u793a\u4e86R\u4e0eC\u3001L\u6216Q\u4e32\u8054\u6210\u7684\u590d\u5408\u5143\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>
\n(RC)\u3001(RL)\u3001(RQ)\u8868\u793a\u4e86R\u4e0eC\u3001L\u6216Q\u5e76\u8054\u6210\u7684\u590d\u5408\u5143\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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\n
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\n
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\n\u6240\u6709\u7684\u66f2\u7ebf\u5747\u7531\u534a\u5706\u548c\u659c\u7ebf\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n
\nImp\uff1a\u4eceEIS\u8c31\u56fe\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\n\u25cf \u4e86\u89e3\u5f71\u54cd\u7535\u6781\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>
\n\u25cf \u5224\u65ad\u6709\u65e0\u4f20\u8d28\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span>
\n\u25cf \u83b7\u5f97\u4ece\u53c2\u6bd4\u7535\u6781\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u7535\u6781\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u7535\u963bRL \uff0c\u53cc\u7535\u5c42\u7535\u5bb9Cd\u53ca\u7535\u6781\u53cd\u5e94\u7535\u963bRr\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49<\/span><\/p>\n\n