{"id":178887,"date":"2019-06-28T06:26:38","date_gmt":"2019-06-27T22:26:38","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=178887"},"modified":"2019-06-28T10:13:01","modified_gmt":"2019-06-28T02:13:01","slug":"science%e9%87%8d%e7%a3%85%ef%bc%9a%e7%a2%b3%e7%ba%b3%e7%b1%b3%e7%ae%a1%e7%a9%bf%e9%92%88%e5%bc%95%e7%ba%bf%e7%9f%b3%e5%a2%a8%e7%83%af%e7%bd%91%e5%88%b6%e5%a4%87%e7%ba%b3%e7%b1%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=178887","title":{"rendered":"\u6bb5\u9576\u950bScience\u91cd\u78c5\uff1a\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u201c\u7a7f\u9488\u5f15\u7ebf\u201d\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7f51\u5236\u5907\u7eb3\u7c73\u6ee4\u819c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6bb5\u9576\u950b<\/b><\/strong>\uff0c1977\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e56\u5357\u6b66\u5188\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u00a0<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\u00a0<\/sup>\u00a0\u3002<\/p>\n

1992\u5e74\u6bb5\u9576\u950b\u8003\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u5927\u5b66\u5c11\u5e74\u73ed\u00a0<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\uff1b1997\u5e74\u672c\u79d1\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u5316\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff1b1999\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97MRS\u5168\u7f8e\u6770\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5956\uff1b2001\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u7f8e\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6\u7ade\u8d5b\u5927\u5956\uff0c2002\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u7f8e\u56fdNanosys\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u662f\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8054\u5408\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b2003\u5e74\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fdTechnology Review\u8bc4\u4e3a\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e16\u754c\u767e\u4f4d\u6770\u51fa\u9752\u5e74\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b2008\u5e74\u8fdb\u5165\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u62c5\u4efb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3001\u7ec8\u8eab\u526f\u6559\u6388\u3001\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\uff1b2011\u5e74\u5165\u9009\u6c64\u68ee\u8def\u900f\u96c6\u56e2\u53d1\u5e03\u76842000-2010\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u9876\u5c16100\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u540d\u4eba\u5802\u699c\u5355\u548c\u5168\u7403\u9876\u5c16100\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u5bb6\u540d\u4eba\u5802\u699c\u5355\u00a0<\/sup>\u00a0\uff0c9\u6708\u83b7\u5f972010\u5e74\u5ea6\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u9752\u5e74\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u603b\u7edf\u5956\u201d\u00a0<\/sup>\uff1b2013\u5e74\u88ab\u8058\u4e3a\u6e56\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\uff0c8\u6708\u83b7\u5f97\u8d1d\u5c14\u6bd4\u5956\u7ae0\uff1b2018\u5e74\u5165\u90092017\u5e74\u5ea6\u957f\u6c5f\u5b66\u8005\u5956\u52b1\u8ba1\u5212\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bb5\u9576\u950b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u4e3a\uff1a\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5408\u6210\u3001\u7ec4\u88c5\u548c\u8868\u5f81\uff1b\u5148\u8fdb\u7535\u5b50\u548c\u5149\u5b50\u6750\u6599\u4e0e\u5668\u4ef6\uff1b\u80fd\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\uff1b\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u4f20\u611f\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u7b49\u00a0<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u4fca\u5e05\u6c14\u7684\u6bb5\u9576\u950b\u6559\u6388\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef<\/b><\/strong>\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u964c\u751f\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n

\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u3001\u7535\u5b66\u3001\u529b\u5b66\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u3001\u5fae\u7eb3\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u836f\u7269\u4f20\u9012\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u672a\u6765\u9769\u547d\u6027\u7684\u6750\u6599\u3002\u00a0\u00a0\u82f1\u56fd\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u00b7\u76d6\u59c6\u548c\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u4e01\u00b7\u8bfa\u6c83\u8096\u6d1b\u592b\uff0c\u7528\u5fae\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u6210\u529f\u4ece\u77f3\u58a8\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5171\u540c\u83b7\u5f972010\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7c89\u4f53\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u673a\u68b0\u5265\u79bb\u6cd5\u3001\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u6cd5\u3001SiC\u5916\u5ef6\u751f\u957f\u6cd5\uff0c\u8584\u819c\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u6c14\u76f8\u6c89\u79ef\u6cd5\uff08CVD\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u79d1\u666e\uff1a<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u88ab\u5404\u5927\u9646\u5730\u5206\u9694\u4e3a\u5f7c\u6b64\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u5e7f\u5927\u6c34\u57df\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d77\u6d0b\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u7ea6\u4e3a3.6\u4ebf\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u768471%\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u6df1\u7ea63795\u7c73\u3002\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u5341\u4e09\u4ebf\u4e94\u5343\u591a\u4e07\u7acb\u65b9\u5343\u7c73\u7684\u6c34\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u603b\u6c34\u91cf\u768497%\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u996e\u7528\u53ea\u53602%<\/b><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5c06\u8fd9\u6837\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6d77\u6c34\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6de1\u6c34\u5462\uff1f<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6d77\u6c34\u7684\u8131\u76d0\u548c\u7eaf\u5316\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5f20\u6ee4\u819c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5f20\u6ee4\u819c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a(1)\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u539a\u5ea6\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u6027\u80fd\u3002(2)\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u907f\u514d\u7834\u88c2\u548c\u6cc4\u9732\u6eb6\u6db2\u3002(3)\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b54\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5206\u5e03\u6bd4\u8f83\u5747\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5177\u6709\u5355\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u5c11\u539f\u5b50\u539a\u5ea6\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u591a\u5b54\u4e8c\u7ef4(2D)\u6750\u6599\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6784\u9020\u8d85\u8584\u819c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6784\u4ef6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u8fd0\u8f93\u963b\u529b\u548c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b54\u6d1e\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u6c34\u8131\u76d0\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5fae\u7c73\u7ea7\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8584\u7247(10-6<\/sup>\u81f310-8<\/sup>\u00a0cm2<\/sup>)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u751f\u4ea7\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u591a\u5b542D\u819c\u7684\u6311\u6218\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u8d85\u85842D\u819c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ecd\u7136\u76f8\u5f53\u96be\u4ee5\u6349\u6478\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8981\u6015\uff01\u6bb5\u9576\u950b\u6559\u6388\u53ca\u5176\u56e2\u961f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff01\uff01<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u539f\u5b50\u8584\u7eb3\u7c73\u591a\u5b54\u819c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7eb3\u7c73\u7f51(GNM)\u7531\u5355\u58c1\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u4ea4\u7ec7\u7f51\u7edc\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u5982(\u56fe 1)\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e14\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684SWNT\u7f51\u4e0e\u5176\u652f\u6491\u7684GNM\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u03c0-\u03c0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c06GNM\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5206\u79bb\u6210\u5fae\u5c0f\u5c9b\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u8eab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u6491GNM\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6cf0\u68ee\u591a\u8fb9\u5f62\u4e2d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5b8f\u89c2\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u8584GNM\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u8d85\u8584GNM \/ SWNT\u6742\u5316\u819c\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6392\u963b\u7eb3\u7c73\u8fc7\u6ee4\u819c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fe1<\/b><\/strong>. \u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u7684\u9ad8\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5927\u9762\u79efGNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(A)GNM \/ SWNT\u6df7\u5408\u819c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5728SWNT\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u652f\u6491\u5355\u5c42GNM.(B)\u7528\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6392\u963b\u7eb3\u7c73\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b.<\/p>\n

GNM \/ SWNT\u6742\u5316\u819c\u7684\u5236\u5907\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u5f81<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe2.<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u5236\u5907\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(A) \u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe.\u00a0(B)\u00a0GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u5177\u670916\u4e2a\u5b54\uff08\u76f4\u5f841mm\uff09\u7684\u591a\u5b54PDMS\u57fa\u5e95\u4e0a\u7684\u7167\u7247. (C) \u5728(B)\u4e2d\u5355\u5b54\u7684SEM\u56fe.(D) \u5c06(C)\u4e2d\u6240\u9009\u7ea2\u8272\u533a\u57df\u7684\u653e\u5927SEM\u56fe\u50cf. (E) GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684TEM\u56fe\u50cf. (F) CVDG\uff0cG \/ SWNT\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u548cSWNT\u819c\u7684\u62c9\u66fc\u5149\u8c31. (G\u548cH) \u5728O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b10\u79d2\u540e\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef(G)\u548cGNM(H)\u7684\u50cf\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\u7684STEM\u56fe\u50cf\u3002 \u767d\u8272\u865a\u7ebf\u5706\u5708\u7a81\u51fa\u4e86GNM\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b54.(I) \u901a\u8fc710\u79d2O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u5236\u5907\u7684GNM\u7684\u5b54\u5f84\u5206\u5e03.<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u62c9\u66fc\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u65e0\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u7279\u5f81\u3002 \u5728100\u81f3300cm-1<\/sup>\u5904\u5b58\u5728\u5f84\u5411\u547c\u5438\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u4e14G\u5e26\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86(G \/ SWNT)\u819c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728SWNT\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c(STEM)\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8702\u7a9d\u6676\u683c(\u56fe2G)\uff0c\u800cGNM\u7684STEM\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u4e9a\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b54\u3002\u5b54\u5f84\u4e0e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b54\u5f84\u5927\u5c0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6c34\u4f20\u8f93\uff080.32 nm\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6291\u5236\u76d0\u79bb\u5b50\uff08~0.7 nm\uff09\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u5b54\u5f84\u548c\u5b54\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

GNM \/ SWNT<\/b><\/strong>\u590d\u5408<\/b><\/strong>\u819c\u7684\u673a\u68b0<\/b><\/strong>\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/b><\/strong>\u8868\u5f81<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe3.<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u6790.<\/p>\n

\"\" \u00a0<\/p>\n

(A) GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u5177\u67090.36cm2<\/sup>\u5b54\u7684PET\u57fa\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u7167\u7247. (B) \u5927\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7167\u7247. (C) GNM \/ SENT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u5728\u5f2f\u66f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u56fe\u50cf. (D) GNM \/ SWNT\u6742\u5316\u819c\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u7ba1\u4e0a\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u819c\u4e0a\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u786c\u5e01.\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u4e3a1\u5398\u7c73. (E) \u5728\u5355\u8f74\u62c9\u4f38\u5e94\u53d8\u4e0bSWNT\u819c\u548cGNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u5e94\u529b – \u5e94\u53d8\u66f2\u7ebf. \u00a0(F \u548cG) \u5728\u7528\u663e\u5fae\u64cd\u7eb5\u5668\u6233\u52a8\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u4f4dSEM\u6210\u50cf\u7684(F)GNM\u548c(G)GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u7834\u88c2\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u4e3a0.5 mm(F)\u548c1 mm(G).<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u8d85\u8584GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u7684\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002\u00a0SWNT\u548cGNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\u5e94\u53d8(SWNT\u4e3a8\uff05\u548c9\uff05\u7684GNM \/ SWNT\u819c)\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u7684SWNT\u819c\u53ef\u627f\u53d7101.9MPa\u7684\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u6768\u6c0f\u6a21\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e3a2.6GPa\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u627f\u53d7380.6 MPa\u7684\u5e94\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u9ad8\u7684\u6768\u6c0f\u6a21\u91cf9.7 GPa\u3002\u5728\u7528\u5fae\u64cd\u7eb5\u5668\u51b2\u5b54\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u4f4dSEM\u6210\u50cf\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u88c2\u7f1d\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u6253\u5b54\u65f6\uff0cGNM\u819c\u8fc5\u901f\u88c2\u6210\u5c0f\u5757\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6e17\u900f\u538b\u4e0b\u7684\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u548c\u8131\u76d0<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe<\/b><\/strong>4.<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u6027\u80fd.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(A) \u7531FO\u4ea4\u53c9\u6d41\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u538b\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u901a\u8fc7GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe. (B) GNM \/ SWNT-10s\u7684\u6700\u5927\u538b\u529b\u4e0eGNM\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u548cSWNT\u5b54\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ebf\u56fe. (C) \u6c34\u548c\u76d0\u901a\u8fc7G \/ SWNT\u548cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u6e17\u900f\uff0cO2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a5,10\u548c20\u79d2. (D) \u901a\u8fc7GNM \/ SWNT\u6742\u5316\u819c\u548cCTA\u819c\u7684\u6c34\u901a\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3aKCl\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u51fd\u6570.\u63d2\u56fe\u4e3aCTA\u819c\u7684\u6c34\u901a\u91cf\u7684\u653e\u5927\u89c6\u56fe. (E) \u901a\u8fc7O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u65f6\u95f45,10\u548c20\u79d2\u5236\u5907\u7684G \/ SWNT\u548cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u8131\u76d0\u7387.(F) RO\u4ea4\u53c9\u6d41\u8fc7\u6ee4\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u793a\u610f\u56fe. (G) GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u5bf9KCl\uff0cNaCl\uff0cNa2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>\uff0cMgCl2<\/sub>\uff0cMB\uff0cRhB\u548cFITC\u7684\u6291\u5236.\u8bef\u5dee\u68d2\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u4e09\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u819c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e.<\/p>\n

(H) GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u4e0e\u5546\u7528\u6e17\u900f\u819c\u548c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u57fa\u5206\u79bb\u819c\u7684\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u8131\u76d0\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83.<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\/ SWNT\u819c\u5728\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u5b8c\u6574\u3002 \u5f53O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece5\u79d2\u589e\u52a0\u523020\u79d2\u65f6\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u76d0\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u4ece5.5\u523016.2 mol m-2<\/sup>\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u79bb\u5b50\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b54\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 \u6e17\u900f24\u5c0f\u65f6\u540e\uff0c\u5177\u670910\u79d2O2<\/sub>\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u8680\u523b\u65f6\u95f4\u7684GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u76d0\u6392\u65a5\u7387\u4fdd\u6301> 97\uff05\u3002SWNT\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c06GNM\u5206\u79bb\u6210\u5c0f\u533a\u57df\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u88c2\u7f1d\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u7834\u88c2\u635f\u5bb3\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u8131\u76d0\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\uff08RO\uff09\u4ea4\u53c9\u6d41\u8fc7\u6ee4\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u8131\u76d0\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u81ea(1)\u4e9a\u7eb3\u7c73\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u5b54\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6392\u963b\u6548\u5e94\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6709\u6548\u5206\u79bb;(2) \u5728\u4ea4\u53c9\u6d41\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u8584\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u591a\u5b54\u819c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6d53\u5ea6\u6781\u5316\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ba1\u5f0f\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u6a21\u5757<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u56fe5. <\/b><\/strong>\u7ba1\u72b6\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5f2f\u66f2\u819c\u7684\u6c34\u8131\u76d0\u6027\u80fd.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(A) \u7ed3\u6784\u5c55\u793a. (B) \u5b9a\u5236\u7ec4\u88c5\u7684\u6c34\u8131\u76d0\u7535\u6c60\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f2f\u66f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u653e\u5927\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u67d4\u6027GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u8be5\u819c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u5177\u67090.16cm2<\/sup>\u5b54\u5f84\u7684\u5706\u67f1\u5f62\u7845\u6811\u8102\u7ba1\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c3a\u4e3a1\u5398\u7c73. (C) \u5728\u5f2f\u66f2\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0bG \/ SWNT\u548cGNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u7684\u6c34\u548c\u76d0\u6e17\u900f\u6027\u548c\u8131\u76d0\u7387\u3002\u8bef\u5dee\u7ebf\u8868\u793a\u4e09\u6b21\u72ec\u7acb\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u504f\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u88c5\u6709\u819c\u7684\u7ba1\u5b50\u5305\u88c5\u6210\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u586b\u5145\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u675f\u6216\u5c06GNM \/ SWNT\u819c\u5377\u7ed5\u6210\u87ba\u65cb\u7f20\u7ed5\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u901f\u4e0b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c2 cms-1<\/sup>\u7684\u6a2a\u6d41\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u8131\u76d0\u7387\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/b><\/strong>\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u8d85\u8584GNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6c34\u51c0\u5316\u3002\u5b8f\u89c2SWNT\u7f51\u7edc\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5355\u5c42GNM\u819c\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u8584GNM\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e9a\u7eb3\u7c73\u5b54\u786e\u4fdd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6392\u963b\u79bb\u5b50\/\u5206\u5b50\u7eb3\u7c73\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u4f4e\u6e17\u900f\u963b\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cGNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u8131\u76d0\u819c\u4e2d\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u548c\u6eb6\u8d28\u6392\u65a5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9ad8\u900f\u6c34\u6027\u548c\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u9632\u6c61\u7279\u6027\u53ef\u4f7fGNM \/ SWNT\u590d\u5408\u819c\u5bf9\u8282\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u8350\u7406\u7531<\/b><\/strong>\uff1a\u6d77\u6c34\u7684\u6de1\u5316\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u4eba\u7c7b\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u66f4\u662f\u91cd\u4e2d\u4e4b\u91cd\u3002\u8be5\u56e2\u961f\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e0e\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1\u5236\u5907\u7684\u590d\u5408\u819c\u3002\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5229\u7528\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u6ee4\u819c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/b><\/strong>\uff1aYang et al., Large-area graphene-nanomesh\/ carbon-nanotube hybrid membranes for ionic and molecular nanofiltration.\u00a0Science <\/i><\/em>364, 1057\u20131062 (2019).<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u94fe\u63a5<\/b><\/strong>\uff1ahttps:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/364\/6445\/1057<\/a><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531Lion\u4f9b\u7a3f<\/p>\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u5230\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u5ba3\u4f20\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u679c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6587\u732e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u6295\u7a3f\u90ae\u7bb1: tougao@cailiaoren.com.<\/p>\n

\u6295\u7a3f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5bb9\u5408\u4f5c\u53ef\u52a0\u7f16\u8f91\u5fae\u4fe1\uff1acailiaorenVIP.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4f5c\u8005\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a \u6bb5\u9576\u950b\uff0c1977\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e56\u5357\u6b66\u5188\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5206\u6821\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u6388\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\uff0c\u6e56\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\u00a0\u00a0\u3002 1992\u5e74\u6bb5\u9576…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10213,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[215],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-178887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jiedu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178887"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10213"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=178887"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":179160,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178887\/revisions\/179160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=178887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=178887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=178887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}