{"id":164744,"date":"2019-01-21T06:20:50","date_gmt":"2019-01-20T22:20:50","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=164744"},"modified":"2019-04-26T18:10:15","modified_gmt":"2019-04-26T10:10:15","slug":"%e5%8d%95%e6%99%b6%e5%a4%9a%e6%99%b6%e7%9a%84%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e8%a1%8d%e5%b0%84%e8%8a%b1%e6%a0%b7%e4%bd%a0%e9%83%bd%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/m.iemloyee.com\/?p=164744","title":{"rendered":"\u5355\u6676\u591a\u6676\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u4f60\u90fd\u4e86\u89e3\u5417?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3010\u5f15\u8bed\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e72\u8d27\u4e13\u680f\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u68b3\u7406\u603b\u7ed3\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u7684\u5e72\u8d27\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u73b0\u5728\u8bbe\u7acb\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u7ae0\u4e13\u680f\uff0c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u9886\u57df\u6b63\u5728\u6162\u6162\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4e13\u680f\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u52a0\u5165\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u5411\u7684\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u76f4\u63a5\u5fae\u4fe1\u8054\u7cfbcailiaorenVIP\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u72b9\u8c6b\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u680f\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u7eb5\u7136\u4f60\u79bb\u6211\u5343\u91cc\u4e07\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u5728\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u7b49\u4f60\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n

1927\u5e74\u53d1\u73b0\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c1931\u5e74\u5fb7\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5362\u65af\u5361\uff08Ruska\uff09\u7814\u5236\u51fa\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff0c\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u7535\u955c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u628a\u5bf9\u7269\u76f8\u7684\u5f62\u8c8c\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u7535\u955c\u5f53\u505a\u9ad8\u500d\u91d1\u76f8\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5de5\u4f5c\u642c\u4e0a\u7535\u955c\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5341\u5206\u6709\u529b\u7684\u7531\u8868\u53ca\u91cc\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u955c\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u80fd\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4e9a\u57c3\u7ea7\uff0cTEM\u56fe\u50cf\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5230\u7535\u955c\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u5355\u6676\u591a\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u6807\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5c06\u7535\u955c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6807\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5206\u6790\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u65b9\u7a0b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u636e\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u6784\u56fe\u7ed9\u51fa\u5e03\u62c9\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee4K0<\/sub>\u4e3a\u5165\u5c04\u6ce2\u77e2\u91cf\uff0cKg<\/sub>\u4e3a\u884d\u5c04\u6ce2\u77e2\u91cf\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u957f\u4e3a1\/\u03bb,\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u5165\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u548c\u884d\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5219\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u77e2\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

g = kg<\/sub>\u00a0– k0<\/sub><\/p>\n

\u77e2\u91cfg\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a1\/d\uff0c\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u6676\u9762\uff08hkl\uff09\u6cd5\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6545\u79f0\u4e3a\u6676\u9762\uff08hkl\uff09\u7684\u5012\u6613\u77e2\u91cf,\u5012\u6613\u77e2\u91cf\u7684\u7aef\u70b9G\u53eb\u5012\u5f02\u70b9\u3002\u4efb\u4e00\u6676\u9762\u7684\u5012\u6613\u77e2\u91cfghkl<\/sub>\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u8be5\u6676\u9762\u7ec4\u6676\u9762\u95f4\u8ddd\u7684dhkl<\/sub>\u7684\u5012\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u8be5\u6676\u9762\u7684\u6cd5\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\uff0c\u5305\u62ecX\u5c04\u7ebf\u5355\u6676\u884d\u5c04\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5217\u7684\u6591\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u6676\u4f53\u67d0\u6676\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6392\u5217\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u5f71\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6591\u70b9\u4e0e\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u70b9\u9635\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5462\uff1f\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6676\u4f53\u70b9\u9635\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5176\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u6591\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u70b9\u9635\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635<\/b><\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6676\u4f53\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u6591\u70b9\u76f4\u63a5\u89e3\u91ca\u6210\u6676\u4f53\u76f8\u5e94\u6676\u9762\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u5384\u4e92\u5c14\u5fb7\u4e8e1912\u5e74\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5012\u6613\u5e73\u9762\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ece\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u70b9\u9635\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u80fd\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u663e\u793a\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u622a\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u80fd\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c200\u5343\u4f0f\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6ce2\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u4e3a2.51\u00d710-2 <\/sup>\u00c5\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u7684\u534a\u5f84\u662f40 \u00c5\uff0c\u800c\u5178\u578b\u91d1\u5c5e\u6676\u4f53\u4f4e\u6307\u6570\u6676\u9762\u95f4\u8ddd\u7ea62 \u00c5\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u5012\u6613\u77e2\u91cf\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a0.5 \u00c5-1<\/sup>\uff0c\u6545\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u534a\u5f84O1<\/sub>O \u662f\u5012\u6613\u77e2\u91cfOG\u957f\u5ea6\u768480\u500d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u539f\u70b9O\u9644\u8fd1\u4f4e\u6307\u6570\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u9762\u4e0e\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u4ea4\u622a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u6b64\u5e73\u9762\u5185\u4f4e\u6307\u6570\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u53cd\u5c04\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u884d\u5c04\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u675f\u3002\u5982\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u51e0\u4f55\u6784\u56fe\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u5782\u76f4\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u5165\u5c04\u65b9\u5411\u653e\u4e00\u5f20\u5e95\u7247\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5O1<\/sub>O\u65b9\u5411\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u900f\u5c04\u6591\u70b9O\u2019\u2019\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u73ed\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u5728O1<\/sub>G\u65b9\u5411\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u884d\u5c04\u73ed\u70b9G\u2019\u2019\u3002\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u4e0a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6591\u70b9\u5230\u884d\u5c04\u6591\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3aR\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u4eea\u4e2d\u6837\u54c1\u5230\u5e95\u677f\u7684\u8ddd\u79bbL\u4e3a\u76f8\u673a\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u2235\u0394O1<\/sub>OG~\u0394O1<\/sub>O G \u2234\u00a01\/\u03bb : L = 1\/d : O”G’<\/p>\n

\u2235\u7535\u5b50\u6ce2\u957f\u77ed\uff0c\u63a0\u5c04\u89d2\u03b8 \u5f88\u5c0f\uff0ctg\u03b8 \u2248 sin\u03b8\uff0cG’\u4e0eG”\u5f88\u8fd1\uff0c\u5219<\/p>\n

\u2235O”G’\u2248 O”G’= R \u2234Rd = L\u03bb\u8fd9\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u51e0\u4f55\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u672c\u516c\u5f0f\uff0cL ,\u03bb ,R \u7531\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u786e\u5b9a\uff0cL\u03bb\u79f0\u4e3a\u76f8\u673a\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2235G”\u662fG \u662f\u6295\u5f71 \u2234O”G” \u53ef\u89c6\u4e3aOG\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0cR\u5219\u4e3a1\/d\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff1a\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u5217\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u622a\u9762\u7531\u4e0a\u5f0f\u53d8\u6362R = L\u03bb\u22c51\/d \u5373R = L\u03bb\u22c5g<\/p>\n

\u2234\u00a0\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u653e\u5927\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u5217\uff0c\u653e\u5927\u500d\u6570L\u03bb\u4e3a\u76f8\u673a\u5e38\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u6676\u5e26\u5b9a\u5f8b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6676\u9762\u65cf\uff08hkl\uff09\u540c\u65f6\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6676\u5411[uvw]\u5e73\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6676\u9762\u65cf\u603b\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6676\u5e26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6676\u5411\u79f0\u4e3a\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u6676\u5e26\uff0c\u5982[uvw]\u6676\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n

5<\/b><\/strong>\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u4e0e\u6d88\u5149\u89c4\u5f8b<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u65b9\u7a0b\u53ea\u662f\u67d0\u6676\u9762\u65cf\uff08hkl\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u6761\u4ef6\u800c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ed3\u6784\u6d88\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u9635\u70b9\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u4e2d\u884d\u5c04\u6591\u662f\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\u5f62\u72b6\u53ca\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u70b9\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f7f\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u9635\u70b9hkl\u90fd\u662f\u7b49\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u5bf9\u5e94\u6676\u9762\uff08hkl\uff09\u4e0a\u539f\u5b50\u6392\u5217\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u6676\u4f53\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u6676\u9762\u4ea7\u751f\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570F (hkl)\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u884d\u5c04\u6676\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570F (hkl)\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8d4b\u4e8e\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u9635\u70b9\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5f62\u72b6\u53ca\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u7531\u6676\u80de\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u5373\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u6676\u9762\uff08hkl\uff09\u4ea7\u751f\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

F (hkl)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

fj<\/sub>\u662f\u5355\u80de\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4e8e\uff08xj<\/sub>\u00a0, yj<\/sub>\u00a0, zj<\/sub>\uff09\u4e2d\u539f\u5b50\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u7684\u6563\u5c04\u632f\u5e45\uff0cesp(i\u03d5)\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u5468\u76f8\u5dee\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5355\u80de\u4e2d\u5404\u539f\u5b50\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u56e0\u6570\u7684\u603b\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6I\u4e0eF2<\/sup>\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4\u5373\uff1a<\/p>\n

I \u221d\u00a0F2<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u70b9\u9635\u7684\u6d88\u5149\u89c4\u5f8b<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

\u7b80\u5355<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u65e0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u9762\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9 (Al,Cu)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

h,k,l \u5947\u5076\u6df7\u5408<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u4f53\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9 (a-Fe, W,V)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

h+k+l=\u5947\u6570<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u5bc6\u6392\u516d\u65b9 (Mg,Zr)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

h+2K=3n \u548cl\u662f\u5947\u6570<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6709\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u6807\u5b9a\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u591a\u5566\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u8c31\u7684\u6807\u5b9a<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4ee5\u5355\u6676\u884d\u5c04\u662f\u70b9\uff0c\u591a\u6676\u884d\u5c04\u662f\u73af\u6765\u533a\u5206\u5355\u6676\u548c\u591a\u6676\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4ece\u5355\u6676\u591a\u6676\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u53ca\u51e0\u4f55\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5355\u6676\u884d\u5c04\u662f\u70b9\uff0c\u591a\u6676\u884d\u5c04\u662f\u73af\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u3002\u4e0b\u6587\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u6b64\u505a\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001<\/b><\/strong>\u5355\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u660e\u786e\u5355\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u51e0\u4f55\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u5355\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u5e73\u884c\u4e8e\u5165\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u96f6\u5c42\u5012\u6613\u9762\u9635\u70b9\u5728\u5e95\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u3002\u5176\u5012\u6613\u70b9\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\uff0c\u4e14\u5904\u4e8e\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u683c\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u82b1\u6837\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u4e3a\u5e73\u884c\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\u3002\u7136\u540e\u660e\u786e\u82b1\u6837\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u82b1\u6837\u4e2d\u6591\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u65b9\u5411[uvw]\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u70b9\u9635\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4f4d\u5411\u3002\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u70b9\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u5b9a\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6307\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3001\u6bd4\u503c\u6cd5(\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0d\u6821\u6838\u6cd5)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2460\u6307\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u5b9a\u6cd5\uff1a\u5df2\u77e5\u6837\u54c1\u548c\u76f8\u673a\u5e38\u6570<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u9760\u8fd1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u900f\u5c04\u6591\u4e14\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u6591\u70b9\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b83\u4eec\u7684R\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6591\u70b9\u7684\u6676\u9762\u95f4\u8dddd\u00a0= 1\/R\u5e76\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6d\u503c\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u51fa(hkl)\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e8b\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97R2<\/sub>\uff0fR1<\/sub>\uff0cR3<\/sub>\uff0fR1<\/sub>\uff0c\u548cR1<\/sub>\u3001R2<\/sub>\u95f4\u5939\u89d2\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2461\u6bd4\u503c\u6cd5(\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0d\u6821\u6838\u6cd5)\uff1a\u7269\u76f8\u672a\u77e5<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636eR\u6bd4\u503c\u67e5\u8868\u6216R2<\/sup>\u6bd4\u503c\u53d6(h1<\/sub>k1<\/sub>l1<\/sub>)\uff0c(h2<\/sub>k2<\/sub>l2<\/sub>)\uff0c\u518d\u5229\u7528R\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u6765\u6821\u9a8c\u3002\u4efb\u53d6(h1<\/sub>k1<\/sub>l1<\/sub>)\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6591\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u6570(h2<\/sub>k2<\/sub>l2<\/sub>),\u5e94\u6839\u636eR1<\/sub>\u4e0eR2<\/sub>\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u8be5\u4e24\u7ec4\u6676\u9762\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u76f8\u7b26\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u77e2\u91cf\u52a0\u548c\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6c42\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6591\u70b9\u6307\u6570\u3002R3<\/sub>=R1<\/sub>\uff0bR2<\/sub>\uff0cR3<\/sub>\u2019 =\u00a0-R3<\/sub><\/p>\n

\u4efb\u53d6\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u76f4\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u6591\u70b9\u786e\u5b9a\u6676\u5e26\u8f74\u6307\u6570<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u56fe\u662f\u7531\u67d0\u4f4e\u78b3\u5408\u91d1\u94a2\u8584\u819c\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5355\u6676\u82b1\u6837\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9009<\/b><\/strong>\u4e2d\u5fc3\u9644\u8fd1A\u3001B\u3001C\u3001D\u56db\u6591\u70b9\uff0c<\/p>\n

\u6d4b<\/b><\/strong>\u5f97RA<\/sub>\uff1d7.1 mm\uff0cRB<\/sub>\uff1d10.0 mm\uff0cRC<\/sub>\uff1d12.3 mm\uff0cRD<\/sub>\uff1d21.5 mm\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u91cf\u89d2\u5668\u6d4b\u5f97R\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u5206\u522b\u4e3a(RA<\/sub>, RB<\/sub>)\uff1d900<\/sup>, (RA<\/sub>, RC<\/sub>)\uff1d550<\/sup>, (RA<\/sub>, RD<\/sub>)\uff1d710<\/sup>,<\/p>\n

\u6c42<\/b><\/strong>\u5f97R2<\/sup>\u6bd4\u503c\u4e3a2\uff1a4\uff1a6\uff1a18\uff0cRB<\/sub>\/RA<\/sub>=1.408, RC<\/sub>\/RA<\/sub>=1.732, RB<\/sub>\/RA<\/sub>=3.028,\u8868\u660e\u6837\u54c1\u8be5\u533a\u4e3a\u4f53\u5fc3\u7acb\u65b9\u70b9\u9635,A\u6591N\u4e3a2\uff0c{110},\u5047\u5b9aA\u4e3a(1-10)\u3002B\u6591\u70b9N\u4e3a4\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5c5e\u4e8e{200}\u6676\u9762\u65cf\uff0c\u9009\uff08200\uff09\uff0c\u4ee3\u5165\u6676\u9762\u5939\u89d2\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97f\uff1d450<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\uff08002\uff09\u76f8\u7b26<\/p>\n

R<\/b><\/strong>C<\/b><\/sub><\/strong>= R<\/b><\/strong>A<\/b><\/sub><\/strong>\uff0b<\/b><\/strong>R<\/b><\/strong>B<\/b><\/sub><\/strong>\uff0cC\u4e3a\uff081-21\uff09\uff0cN\uff1d6\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6d4bR2<\/sup>\u6bd4\u503c\u7684N\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u67e5\u8868\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u5939\u89d2\u4e3a54.740<\/sup>,\u4e0e\u5b9e\u6d4b\u7684550<\/sup>\u76f8\u7b26\uff0cRE<\/sub>\uff1d2RB<\/sub>\uff0cE\u4e3a\uff08004\uff09RD<\/sub>\uff1dRA<\/sub>\uff0bRE<\/sub>\uff1d\uff081-14\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u8868\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\uff081-10\uff09\u4e0e\uff081-14\uff09\u7684\u5939\u89d2\u4e3a70.530<\/sup>,\u4f9d\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u591a<\/b><\/strong>\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u591a\u6676\u884d\u5c04\u82b1\u6837\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u53ca\u51e0\u4f55\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u5165\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u675f\u7167\u5c04\u5230\u6676\u4f53\u53d6\u5411\u6742\u4e71\u7684\u591a\u6676\u6837\u54c1\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5404\u4e2a\u6676\u7c92\u4e2dd\u503c\u76f8\u540c\u7684{hkl}\u6676\u9762\u65cf\u5185\u7b26\u5408\u884d\u5c04\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6676\u9762\u7ec4\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u675f\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4ee5\u5165\u5c04\u675f\u4e3a\u8f74\uff0c2\u03b8\u4e3a\u534a\u9876\u89d2\u7684\u5706\u9525\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u5e95\u7247\u76f8\u4ea4\u83b7\u5706\u73af\uff0c\u5176\u534a\u5f84R\uff1d\u03bbL\/d\uff08L\u662f\u76f8\u673a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u03bb\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u6ce2\u957f\uff0c\u03bbL\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u76f8\u673a\u5e38\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u5c3a\u662f\u5012\u6613\u7a7a\u95f4\u6807\u5c3a\uff081\/nm\uff09\u90a3\u4e48\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6d4b\u91cf\u884d\u5c04\u70b9\u5230\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6591\u70b9\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528DigitalMicrograph\u8bfb\u53d6\uff09\uff0c\u53d6\u5012\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u70b9\u7684d\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6545\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u2460R\u548c1\/d\u6210\u6b63\u6bd4<\/p>\n

\u2461\u6676\u9762\u95f4\u8ddd\u4e0e\u6676\u80de\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7acb\u65b9\u6676\u7cfb\uff1a1\/d2<\/sup>\u00a0= (h2<\/sup>\u00a0+ k2<\/sup>\u00a0+ l2<\/sup>)\/a2<\/sup>\u00a0= N\/a2<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u2462\u591a\u6676\u73af\u72b6\u82b1\u6837\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u5df2\u77e5\uff0c\u6d4b\u7b97R2<\/sup>\u00a0\u6bd4\u503c\u7684\u9012\u589e\u89c4\u5f8b\u786e\u5b9aN\uff0c\u6c42\u51fa\uff08hkl\uff09\u548ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u6d4b\u7b97R2<\/sup>\u3001R2<\/sub>2<\/sup>\/R1<\/sub>2<\/sup>,\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6574\u6570\u6bd4\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u6d88\u5149\u89c4\u5f8b\u786e\u5b9a\u6676\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6c42\u51fa\uff08hkl\uff09\u548ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u7531\u6750\u6599\u4eba\u79d1\u6280\u987e\u95ee\u6625\u6625<\/b><\/strong>\u4f9b\u7a3f<\/b><\/strong>\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7f16\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

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